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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian Culture will cover the salient aspects of Art forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The New Indian Express
Why this question:
The question is based on the contributions of ancient India to science and technology and its significance and relevance even in today’s times.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must discuss the contributions of Ancient India to science and technology of the past and even to the present.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Briefly explain India’s ancient caliber of development in science.
Body:
Explain that one of the oldest civilizations in the world, the Indian civilization has a strong tradition of science and technology. Ancient India was a land of sages and seers as well as a land of scholars and scientists. India was actively contributing to the field of science and technology centuries long before modern laboratories were set up. Mention a few examples.
Many theories and techniques discovered by the ancient Indians have created and strengthened the fundamentals of modern science and technology. While some of these groundbreaking contributions have been acknowledged, some are still unknown to most.
Quote examples of scientists, researchers, etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with significance and relevance of such discoveries and inventions even in today’s times.
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society. Social empowerment,
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why this question:
A rising number of petitions before the Delhi High Court to criminalize marital rape has been alleged as an outcome of the government’s refusal to pay heed to the landmark report by the Justice J. S. Verma Committee.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must discuss the effect of the criminalization of marital rape on the institution of marriage.
Directive:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
State a few facts related to the criminalization of marital rape.
Body:
Explain the following aspects –
First, discuss what you understand by marital rape – Marital rape is the act of sexual intercourse with one’s spouse without the spouse’s consent. The lack of consent is the essential element and need not involve physical violence.
Then move on to explain the concerns associated with it, explain how it is often being misused against men by women. How the institution of marriage is affected by criminalizing marital rape.
Ensure the answer also reflects on the status of women in society.
Conclusion:
Conclude by emphasizing the need for proper policies and legislations in place to deal with marital rape.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Level: Moderate
Reference: The New Indian Express
Why the question:
The Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) dubbed 2021 as the worst year on record for child sexual abuse online as lockdowns saw younger and younger children being targeted “on an industrial scale” by internet groomers.
Key Demand of the question:
To give the status of online child sex abuse and steps taken to curb it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the context of the Question as given by the report of Internet Watch Foundation.
Body:
Firstly, mention how children are lured on the internet and reasons for its increase in recent times.
Next, mention the government steps to curb it. Analyze if they have been successful and what more needs to be done.
Also, write about the need to expand the scope of the POCSO act to end online child abuse.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
Level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why this question:
The article critically examines the India-UK scenario of Free trade agreements and their effects on India’s economy.
Key demand of the question:
India signed a series of Free Trade Agreements (FTA) in Asia that came into force in the 2000s. Across industry and policy-makers, a view has emerged that these FTAs have not served India well and even actively damaged the Indian industry. Thus one has to analyze in detail the aspects of FTAs with respect to the Indian economy.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief, define what FTAs are.
Body:
Explain in what way the success of an FTA should be judged against its objective of enhancing trade.
Discuss the factors responsible for such an effect and also suggest what steps should be taken to ensure the better realization of the FTAs.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Recent Forest Survey Report 2021 shows an overall decadal decline in forest cover in India’s 52 tiger reserves, Gir
Key Demand of the question:
The question aims to address the importance of improving the forest cover in the country and assess the efforts of the government in this direction.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give the context of the Question and highlight how forest cover has decreased in India’s tiger reserve as shown by a recent forest survey report.
Body:
Start by differentiating between forest area and forest cover. Also, explain the importance of forest cover, why is it important to improve it.
Explain in detail the efforts made by our country in this direction, many initiatives brought by the ministry to bring out transformational changes in policies and programs include – Massive tree plantation, Promoting urban forestry through Nagar Van Scheme, Landscape based catchment treatment of major rivers, LiDAR-based survey of degraded forest areas for soil moisture conservation projects and, Launch of National Transit Portal to facilitate smooth movement of Forest produce, etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with the importance of forest cover conservation.
General Studies – 4
What will be your decision in this case? Also, justify your decision.
Why this question?
Ethical issues in procurement of raw materials and services in private enterprises
Structure of the question
Introduction
Identify your main priorities as the regional head of an automobile industry.
Body
- Identify all the stakeholders in the case study and important values in the case study
- Highlight if any ethical concerns associated with these stakeholders
- Identify all the options available for you, mention the pros and cons of each of these options
- Justify which course of action you will take by mentioning relevant ethical philosophies (Gandhian, Utilitarian, Kantian, Virtue, etc.) behind your course of action
Conclusion
Underscore the importance of transparency and accountability in procurement
