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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian Constitution– historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure
1. A very fascinating development in the Indian Constitutional jurisprudence is the extended dimension given under ‘Fundamental Rights’ to include ‘Right to Privacy’. Comment (150 Words)
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable
Key Demand of the question:
The importance of Right to Privacy, as included in Indian Constitution
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Brief on the important development of ‘Right to Privacy’
Body:
First, elaborate on how ‘Right to Privacy’ was interpreted by the Supreme Court, to include under Article 21
Any instances/cases relating to the development can be mentioned as well
Summarise, as to which all provisions have been included under ‘Right to Privacy’
Conclusion:
A relevant closing statement
Topic: Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries
2. Enumerate the salient features of Fundamental Rights enshrined in the constitution of India. Compare and contrast the fundamental rights of Indian constitution with the Bill of rights enshrined in the US constitution. (250 words)
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable
Key Demand of the question:
The importance of Fundamental Rights, and its comparison with US Constitution
Directive word:
Compare and contrast – provide for a detailed comparison of the two types, their features that are similar as well as different. One must provide for detailed assessment of the two
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Brief on Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution
Body:
First, enumerate the salient features of Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution
Then, mention the similarities between Fundamental Rights of Indian Constitution and Bill of Right enshrined in the US constitution
Then, detail on the differences between the two
Conclusion:
A relevant closing statement
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure
3. How can infrastructure revolution in the field of mass transport help in India becoming an economic superpower in near future? Discuss. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The New Indian Express
Why the question:
Inaugurating and laying foundation stones of road projects worth ₹26,778 cr in Lucknow, Rajnath Singh said a revolution is underway in the construction of infrastructure and now no power in the world can stop India from becoming an economic superpower
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need for infrastructure revolution in mass transport to make India an economic superpower.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the recent developments in India’s mass transport sector.
Body:
First, identify the major issues that present infrastructure projects are facing. Highlight the reasons why focusing on transport infrastructure is critical (in brief)
Next, mention the need for a revolution in Infrastructure and how it is already underway along with examples like Bharatmala pariyojana.
Next, mention how infrastructure revolution will help India become an economic superpower. Here mention about internal as well as external stakeholders. E.g Kaladan multimodal transport corridor.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about how infrastructure is key in achieving a 5 trillion dollar economy.
Topic: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, Nano-technology, biotechnology and issues relating to intellectual property rights
4. Can India’s Digital infrastructure be leveraged for leadership in the world of future technologies such as Metaverse? Analyse. (250 Words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The New Indian Express
Why the question:
Future technologies such as Metaverse are more than a buzzword. But we need to analyze, how prepared is India to utilize its potential.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the advantages that India has with respect to these emerging technologies given the current digital infrastructure India has.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining what future technologies are. Give examples- blockchain, face recognition, metaverse, etc.
Body:
Enumerate the advantages that Indian digital infrastructure provides for leapfrogging into new technologies e.g. India is the biggest supplier of software talent, India already operates the biggest digital identity-based system in the world.
Next, list some of the lacunae which India needs to overcome – data security, privacy concerns, digital divide, high cost of infrastructure, and growing addictions.
Suggest Way forward
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on striking a balance between the benefits and limitations of future technologies
Topic: Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
5. What are the human rights concerns with regard to counter-insurgency operations by armed forces? In this regard, do you think Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) has outlived its utility and what is the accountability mechanism under the Act? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The New Indian Express
Why the question:
A chorus of demands for revocation of the Armed Forces Special Powers Act, 1958, in the wake of the botched Oting ambush in Nagaland by the Army killing 14 civilians. The government has extended AFSPA for another six months.
Key Demand of the question:
To comment as to whether or not AFSPA has outlived its utility
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing the context of the Question or introducing AFSPA.
Body:
First, mention the human rights concerns related to AFSPA- right to life, right to livelihood getting affected. Cite relevant examples.
Next, discuss how AFSPA has outlived its utility e.g. Meghalaya insurgency was curbed without any such law, youth wants development, also, after the reorganization of NE India into ethnically logical states, the moot point for insurgency and mass support ended.
List down a few points why AFSPA is still needed.
Then, enumerate the accountability mechanism available e.g. military tribunals will hear the cases of excess, SC and other courts regularly hears cases.
Conclusion:
Conclude by commenting on the action that India must take with regards to AFSPA.
General Studies – 4
Topics: Lessons from the teaching and lives of great leaders, administrators, and reformers.
6 “Increasing inequality in the country could be potentially solved if there is a revival of doctrine of trusteeship as proposed by Mahatma Gandhi ji”. Do you agree? (250 Words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question?
Latest observations made in various reports vis-à-vis Inequality in India.
Structure of the answer
Introduction
Throw light on some of the observations made in these inequality reports or one can define doctrine of trusteeship which was proposed by M Gandhi ji.
Body
- Highlight the underlying values of the doctrine
- Connect this doctrine to solving the present inequality issues in the society
- Debate whether this doctrine can be practically implemented though
Conclusion
Suggest what can be done to practically implement this doctrine.
Topic: Role of society
7. How can values emphasized by religion help in achieving the goal of inclusive and sustainable growth? Discuss (150 Words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question?
Role of religion in 21st century to achieve the goals of inclusive and sustainable growth
Structure of the answer
Introduction
You can define religion in the context of the question (The connection between religion and ethics should be captured in the introduction)
Body
- Highlight the major teachings of some of the religions and how these values could help us in ushering the inclusive and sustainable growth using suitable examples
- Challenges in realizing the goal in this situation should also be discussed.
Conclusion:
Suggest a way forward to deal with this situation.









