[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 5 January 2022 – Polity

Solution: c)

Article 14 has two parts: equality before law and equal protection of laws.

• The first concept basically means law is for everyone whoever it might be.
• The second concept means law will apply equally to equally situated people. For e.g. if an adult receives a punishment of 3 years imprisonment, another adult for the same crime and same circumstances should also get 3 years of imprisonment.

Solution: a)

The state is empowered to make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the scheduled castes or the scheduled tribes regarding their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the state, except the minority educational institutions.

The term ‘untouchability’ has not been defined in the Constitution.

Solution: b)

The freedom of speech and expression, in this context, includes:

• Right to propagate one’s views as well as views of others.
• Freedom of the press.
• Freedom of commercial advertisements.
• Right against tapping of telephonic conversation.
• Right to telecast, that is, government has no monopoly on electronic media.
• Right against bundh called by a political party or organisation.
• Right to know about government activities.
• Freedom of silence.
• Right against imposition of pre-censorship on a newspaper.
• Right to demonstration or picketing but not right to strike.

Solution: b)

Right to freedom of movement entitles every citizen to move freely throughout the territory of the country. The grounds of imposing reasonable restrictions on this freedom are two, namely, the interests of general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribe. The entry of outsiders in tribal areas is restricted to protect the distinctive culture, language, customs and manners of scheduled tribes and to safeguard their traditional vocation and properties against exploitation.

All citizens are given the right to practise any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business. This right is very wide as it covers all the means of earning one’s livelihood.

Solution: d)

The Article 22 has two parts—the first part deals with the cases of ordinary law and the second part deals with the cases of preventive detention law.

(a) The first part of Article 22 confers the following rights on a person who is arrested or detained under an ordinary law:
(i) Right to be informed of the grounds of arrest.
(ii) Right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner.
(iii) Right to be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, excluding the journey time.
(iv) Right to be released after 24 hours unless the magistrate authorises further detention.

These safeguards are not available to an alien or a person arrested or detained under a preventive detention law.