[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 28 December 2021 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• He was a yogi, seer, philosopher, poet, and Indian nationalist who propounded a philosophy of divine life on earth through spiritual evolution.
• From 1902 to 1910 he partook in the struggle to free India from the British.
• In Pondichéry he founded a community of spiritual seekers,which took shape as the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in 1926.
• He was much influenced by the American Revolution,revolts in Italy and the medieval French revolts against England.
• He attended Congress sessions and at the same time, helped establish the Anushilan Samitiof Calcutta in 1902.
• He and his brother revolutionary Barin Ghose contributed articles to the magazine Jugantarwhich inspired many young people to take up revolutionary work.
• He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as Bande Mataram.
• In May 1908, Aurobindo was arrested in connection with the Alipore Conspiracy Case.
• In 1914, he started publishing a magazine Arya.
• He wrote copiously and his greatest literary achievement was ‘Savitri’,an epic poem with about 24000 lines.
• He developed a kind of Yoga called Integral Yoga.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/sri-aurobindo/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: About Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission:

• Launched in 2016, the programme is designed to deliver catalytic interventions to rural areas on the threshold of growth.
• It is now a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
• Funding:Shared between the Centre and the State in a ratio of 60:40 for Plain area States and 90:10 for Himalayan and NE States.
• Main objective of the scheme is bridging the rural-urban divide-viz: economic, technological and those related to facilities and services.
• Development:
  • Under the mission, the Central government in coordination with the district administration has taken measures to bring about multi-layered phased development of the rural gram panchayats and villages on the lines of urban cities with proper civic amenities keeping the soul of villages intact.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/shyama-prasad-mukherji-rurban-mission-spmrm/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Niti Aayog has released the fourth edition of its state health index for 2019-20.
• The “Health Index”is part of a report commissioned by the NITI Aayog, the World Bank and the Union Health and Family Welfare Ministry.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/niti-aayog-health-index/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) registration is mandatory for any NGO or association to receive foreign funds or donations.
• FCRAregulates foreign donations and ensures that such contributions do not adversely affect the internal security of the country. The Act, first enacted in 1976 was amended in the year 2010 and then 2020.
• Section 5 of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 gives the Union government “unchecked and unbridled powers” to declare an organisation as being one of political nature and deny it access to funds from sources abroad.
• FCRA is implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• Prior Reference Category under the Act:It implies that to donate to such an NGO, a foreign donor has to take prior clearance from the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/foreign-contribution-regulation-act-2010/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: About the Iran Nuclear Deal:

• Also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
• The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1(China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU).
• Under the deal, Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy-water, all key components for nuclear weapons.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/iran-nuclear-talks-set-to-resume-after-five-months-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Permanent Court of Arbitration:

• It was established in 1899and is headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands.
• It is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to serve the international community in the field of dispute resolution and to facilitate arbitration and other forms of dispute resolution between States.
• All decisions, called “awards” are binding on all the parties in the dispute and have to be carried out without delay.
• The organization is not a United Nations agency, but the PCA is an official United Nations Observer.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/retrospective-taxation/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• A tokamakis a device which uses a powerful magnetic field to confine hot plasma in the shape of a torus. The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power.
• HL-2M Tokamak:
• China successfully powered up its “artificial sun” nuclear fusion reactor (HL-2M Tokamak reactor) for the first time marking a great advance in the country’s nuclear power research capabilities.
• Key Points:
  • The HL-2M Tokamak reactor is China’s largest and most advanced nuclear fusion experimental research device.
  • The mission is named Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST).
  • Located in Sichuan province and completed late last year, the reactor is often called an “artificial sun” on account of the enormous heat and power it produces.
  • It uses a powerful magnetic field to fuse hot plasma and can reach temperatures of over 150 million degrees Celsius- approximately ten times hotter than the core of the sun.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/china-conducts-nuclear-fusion-experiment-for-artificial-sun/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Chinese ‘Artificial Sun’ Experimental Fusion Reactor:
  • China’s Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), also known as ‘Artificial Sun’ experiment, has set a new record, where it achieved a plasma temperature of 216 million Fahrenheit (120 million C) for 101 seconds.
• Why is this significant?
  • It is believed that the temperature at the core of the Sun is 15 million C, which also means that the temperature produced by (EAST) is nearly seven times that of the Sun.
  • It is a significant step in the country’s quest to unlock clean and limitless energy, with minimal waste products.
• What is EAST?
  • The mission mimics the energy generation process of the sun.
  • The reactor consists of an advanced nuclear fusion experimental research device located in Hefei, China.
  • It is one of three major domestic tokamaks that are presently being operated across the country.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/28/china-conducts-nuclear-fusion-experiment-for-artificial-sun/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

Refer: UPSC CSE 2017

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 1: Himalayas are spread over almost all the Northern and north-eastern Indian states. Statement 1 is wrong.
• Statement 2: Western Ghats traverse the States of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat (6 states).
• Statement 3: Pulicat Lake (second largest brackish water lake in India)straddles the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu states (2 states).

Refer: UPSC CSE 2017