[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 30 October 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (d)

Explanation: About CAG:

• The Constitution of India provides for an independent office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) in chapter V under Part V.
• The CAG is mentioned in the Constitution of India under Article 148 – 151.
• He is the head of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department.
• He is the guardian of the public purse and controls the entire financial system of the country at both the levels- the centre and state.
• His duty is to uphold the Constitution of India and the laws of Parliament in the field of financial administration.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-cag-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The CAG is appointed by the President of India by a warrant under his hand and seal.
• He holds office for a period of six years or upto the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-cag-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: The scheme was introduced in 2005 as a social measure that guarantees “the right to work”.
  • The key tenet of this social measure and labour law is that the local government will have to legally provide at least 100 days of wage employment in rural India to enhance their quality of life.
• S2: The Gram Sabha is the principal forum for wage seekers to raise their voices and make demands.
  • It is the Gram Sabha and the Gram Panchayat which approves the shelf of works under MGNREGA and fix their priority.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/no-money-left-in-mgnrega-coffers/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Pneumonia caused by pneumococcus is the most common cause of severe pneumonia in children.
  • Pneumonia was a leading cause of death among children under five, globally and in India. Around 16% of deaths in children occur due to pneumonia in India.
• Viruses, bacteria, and fungi can all cause pneumonia.
• Antibiotics can treat many forms of pneumonia. Some forms of pneumonia can be prevented by vaccines.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/pneumococcal-13-valent-conjugate-vaccine-pcv/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is a statutory authority established under the provisions of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016 (“Aadhaar Act 2016”) on 12 July 2016 by the Government of India, under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
• Prior to the enactment of the Act, the UIDAI had functioned, since 28 January 2009, as an attached office of the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog).
• It serves as the issuing authority for Aadhaar unique identification numbers (UIDs) and cards.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/data-protection-bill-2019/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Surat has won the award for the city with the best public transport system.
• The award was given out by the Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry.
• Other winners:
  • Kochi was judged the city with most sustainable transport system.
  • Delhi received the award for the city with the best non-motorised transport system for the Chandni Chowk redevelopment project.
  • Delhi also won the best Metro passenger services and satisfaction award.
  • Nagpur’s multi-modal integration with Metro rail was found to be the best in the country.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/30/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-october-2021-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: This makes sense because short-term FII money is volatile. So, 1 is correct.
• S2: This will further increase India’s exposure to foreign money and may in fact aggravate financial crisis. So, 2 is wrong.
• S3: Full CAC implies free movement of currency out of the country for both current and capital account transactions such as short-term and long-term debt. This will only make India more vulnerable to such a crisis. So, 3 is wrong.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• It will remain unchanged since the money supply includes both cash/currency with public at hand and demand deposits. Withdrawing cash from demand deposit only puts it with the public, hence no change in M.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• In pronuclear transfer, the mother’s egg is first fertilized with the father’s sperm, producing a zygote. The pronuclei of the egg and sperm are then removed from the zygote and inserted into a donor egg that has been fertilized and has had its own nucleus removed (a pronucleus is the nucleus of the egg or sperm at the stage of fertilization prior to nucleus fusion). The zygote derived from the donor egg is then implanted into the mother’s uterus. It is NOT fully in vitro.
• Option D is correct, this is a new strategy to prevent transmission of mitochondrial diseases in offspring, see https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/20/R2/R168/640414

Refer: Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: In buildings and factories, AI can monitor and collect information about energy consumption in the form of numbers, text, images and videos. Evaluating what is observed, AI can manage energy usage, reducing it during peak hours, for example. Problems such as bottlenecks can be identified and equipment failures detected – even before they happen.
• S2: Here is the evidence for AI creating meaningful short stories https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2019/03/29/artificial-intelligence-can-now-write-amazing-content-what-does-that-mean-for-humans/#1d84108450ab
• S3 and S4: AI is widely used in text-to-speech conversion and disease diagnosis.
• S5: You can couple two systems to recharge one of them via electromagnetic field. The area remains underdeveloped but it has been shown to be technically possible.
• See https://www.theverge.com/ces/2017/1/6/14194922/dell-latitutde-7285-laptop-wireless-charging-battery-keyboard-ces-2017

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020