[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 21 October 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: Among the most important of Buddhist pilgrimages, Kushinagar was where The Buddha attained Mahaparinirvana (ultimate salvation) in c. 483 BC.
• S2: Today’s Kushinagar is identified with Kushinara, capital of the ancient Malla republic, which was one of the 16 mahajanapadas of the 6th-4th centuries BC.

• S3: Kushinagar comes under Kushinagar Lok Sabha constituency for Indian general elections.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/kushinagar-a-buddhist-pilgrimage-town/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: Mount Harriet is the third highest peak in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and served as the summer headquarters of the Chief Commissioner during British Raj.
• S2: It is believed to be named after British artist and photographer, Harriet Christina Tytler, who was the wife of Robert Christopher Tytler, a soldier who served in the British Indian Army.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/mount-harriet-renamed-after-manipur/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: In Lok Sabha, the President sets a date for the election of the Speaker and in state legislatures, the Governor sets a date for the election of the Speaker.
• S2: The Deputy Speaker has the same powers as the Speaker when presiding over a sitting of the House. All references to the Speaker in the Rules are deemed to be references to the Deputy Speaker when he presides.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/electing-a-speaker-deputy-speaker-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• JWST is a joint venture between the US (Nasa), European (Esa) and Canadian space agencies (CSA).
• It is an orbiting infrared observatory that will complement and extend the discoveries of the Hubble Space Telescope, with longer wavelength coverage and greatly improved sensitivity.
• Webb was formerly known as the “Next Generation Space Telescope” (NGST) and it was renamed in 2002 after a former NASA administrator, James Webb.
• It will be a large infrared telescope with an approximately 6.5 meter primary mirror.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/james-webb-space-telescope/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Earthshot Prize:

• Dubbed as the “Eco Oscars”, The Earthshot Prize is an award set up by Prince William and the Royal Foundation, the charity founded by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, and historian David Attenborough to honour five finalists between 2021 and 2030 for developing solutions to fight the climate crisis.
• Established in 2020, 2021 was the first year when awards were handed out to finalists for their contributions towards the five UN Sustainable Development Goals — restoration and protection of nature, air cleanliness, ocean revival, waste-free living and climate action.
• India’s Vidyut Mohan’s technology that recycles agricultural waste to create fuel was named among the winners of the coveted prize

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-october-2021/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Bhaskarabda will be added to the Saka and Gregorian eras in the official calendar of the Assam Government.
• Bhaskarabda is an era counted from the date of the ascension of a seventh-century local ruler.
• Bhaskarabda began when Bhaskaravarman was crowned ruler of the Kamrupa kingdom. He was a contemporary and political ally of northern Indian ruler
• Gregorian vs Bhaskarabda:
  • Unlike Gregorian, where a day starts at midnight, the Assamese calendar begins and ends at sunrise over 24 hours.
  • While the Gregorian goes by the solar cycle, the Saka and Bhaskarabda eras use a lunisolar system based on both the phases of the moon and the solar year.
  • The gap between Bhaskarabda and Gregorian is 593 years.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/21/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-october-2021/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is the ratio of a bank’s capital in relation to its risk weighted assets and current liabilities. It is decided by central banks and bank regulators to prevent commercial banks from taking excess leverage and becoming insolvent in the process.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2018

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1 is correct because The FSSAI Act took 8 older acts into one umbrella including Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India is the Administrative Ministry for the implementation of FSSAI/
• S2 is incorrect because the Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer of Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is appointed by Government of India. The Chairperson is in the rank of Secretary to Government of India. It is not under the charge of Director General of Health services.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2018

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Article 22 of the TRIPS Agreements (WTO Agreement) defines Geographical Indication as “indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin”.
• Consequently, upon India joining as a member state of the TRIPS Agreement sui-geneis legislation for the protection of geographical indication was enacted in 1999. Geographical Indications are covered as an element of Intellectual Property Rights under the TRIPS Agreement (WTO Agreement).

Refer: UPSC CSE 2018

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The two ILO Conventions on child labour are Convention No. 138 on Minimum Age and Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2018