DAY – 66 ( INSTA REVISION TEST – 66 )INSTA REVISION PLAN 3.0, 2021

Solution:  C

The Ulhas River is a west flowing river in Western India in the state of Maharashtra.

Solution: A

International Whaling Commission

• Recently Japan announced to quit from the International Whaling Commission and resume commercial whaling.
• The International Whaling Commission is an Inter-governmental Organization whose purpose is the conservation of whales and the management of whaling.
• It is an international body set up under International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW).
• The IWC currently has 89 member governments from countries all over the world.
• All members are signatories to the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW).
• ICRW governs the commercial, scientific, and aboriginal subsistence whaling practices of fifty-nine member nations.
• In 1986, it adopted a moratorium on commercial whaling. This ban still continues.
• This Convention is the legal framework which established the IWC in 1946.

India joined as a member of International Whaling Commission in 1981.

Solution: C

Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES):

• It is India’s only research facility engaged in conservation and preservation of wildlife and its resources. It was established in 1998 with the help of Central Zoo Authority of India, CSIR and the government of Andhra Pradesh.
• LaCONES has helped the Mouse Deer Conservation Breeding Centre at Nehru Zoological Park to increase the population of mouse deer in Telangana forests. Amrabad forest, for instance, ran out of mouse deer and through the efforts of LaCONES, the animal is now reintroduced in Amrabad Tiger Reserve.
• Earlier, LaCONES has developed universal DNA based marker for identification of wild animals from parts and remains. It has a DNA banking of more than 250 species of mammals, birds and reptiles.
• It is a part of CCMB (centre for cellular and molecular biology).
• It supports both in-situ habitat preservation and Ex-situ conservation through captive breeding in controlled environment to restock original wild populations.
• It is the only laboratory in India that has developed methods for collection and cryopreservation of semen and oocytes from wildlife and successfully reproducing endangered blackbuck, spotted deer and Nicobar pigeons.

Solution: B

Geographical indicators (GI)

• A name or sign used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and posses qualities or a reputation due to that place of origin.
• Its purpose is to create unique identification to customers and thereby creating more demand for products.
• It is given to both man-made and natural products.
• However it is a community right rather than individual or company.
• It is protected under Geographical indications of goods (registration and protection) act, 1999.
• It is managed by Cell for IPR promotion and Management (CIPAM) under the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• At the International level, GI is governed by World Trade Organisation‘s (WTO‘s) Agreement on Trade- Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).
• TIME PERIOD – 10 years + renewed for any time
• The first product in India to be accorded with GI tag was Darjeeling tea in the year 2004-05.
• Once the GI protection is granted, no other producer can misuse the name to market similar products. It also provides comfort to customers about the authenticity of that product.
• Provisions in this regard: GI is covered as element of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under Paris Convention for Protection of Industrial Property.
• At international level, GI is governed by WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In India, Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection Act), 1999 governs it.

Solution: D

Data is information processed or stored by a computer. This information may be in the form of text documents, images, audio clips, software programs, or other types of data.

Big Data is also a data but with a huge size, such a data is so large and complex that none of the traditional data management tools are able to store it or process it efficiently.

Applications of Big Data

Solution: A

e-Cigarettes

• The Central government has directed all states and Union Territories to not allow the manufacture, sale and advertisement of e-cigarettes and other Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS).
• Electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes, are devices that do not burn or use tobacco leaves but instead vaporise a solution, which a user then inhales.
• The main constituents of the solution, in addition to nicotine, are propylene glycol (with or without glycerol and flavouring agents).
• ENDS are devices that heat a solution to create an aerosol, which also frequently contains flavours, usually dissolved into propylene glycolor and glycerin.
• A number of metals, including lead, chromium and nickel, and chemicals like formaldehyde have been found in aerosols of some ENDS.
• ENDS are not approved as NRTs (nicotine-replacement therapies) under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act and rules made thereunder.
• According to Global Tobacco Epidemic 2017 report by the WHO, the governemnts of 30 countries like Mauritius, Australia, Singapore etc have already banned ENDS.

Solution: B

Bitcoin is a form of digital currency or virtual currency created and held electronically.

It is not regulated by any central bank or government. They aren’t printed, like dollars or euros – they’re produced by people, and increasingly businesses, running computers all around the world, using software that solves mathematical problems.

It is also called a “cryptocurrency” since it is decentralized and uses cryptography to prevent double-spending, a significant challenge inherent to digital currencies.

Bitcoin is a distributed peer-to-peer digital currency that functions without the inter-mediation of any central authority.

It can also be traded on an open market and its exchange rate fluctuates much like a stock market i.e. based on the demand.

Solution: C

The World Nuclear Association (WNA) is the international organization that promotes nuclear power and supports the companies that comprise the global nuclear industry.

Its members come from all parts of the nuclear fuel cycle, including uranium mining, uranium conversion, uranium enrichment, nuclear fuel fabrication, plant manufacture, transport, and the disposition of used nuclear fuel as well as electricity generation itself.

Together, WNA members are responsible for 70% of the world’s nuclear power as well as the vast majority of world uranium, conversion and enrichment production.

The WNA says it aims to fulfill a dual role for its members: Facilitating their interaction on technical, commercial and policy matters and promoting wider public understanding of nuclear technology. It has a secretariat of around 35 staff. The WNA was founded in 2001 on the basis of the Uranium Institute, itself founded in 1975.

Solution: C

Charter Act of 1793

The features of this Act were as follows:

1. It extended the overriding power given to Lord Cornwallis over his council, to all future Governor-Generals and Governors of Presidencies.
2. It gave the Governor-General more powers and control over the governments of the subordinate Presidencies of Bombay and Madras.
3. It extended the trade monopoly of the Company in India for another period of twenty years.
4. It provided that the Commander-in-Chief was not to be a member of the Governor-General’s council, unless he was so appointed.
5. It laid down that the members of the Board of Control and their staff were, henceforth, to be paid out of the Indian revenues.

Solution: A

Second Schedule

Provisions relating to the emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of:

1. The President of India
2. The Governors of States
3. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha
4. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
5. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly in the states
6. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council in the states
7. The Judges of the Supreme Court
8. The Judges of the High Courts
9. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

Solution: A

Article 1 describes India, that is, Bharat as a ‘Union of States’ rather than a ‘Federation of States’. This provision deals with two things: one, name of the country, and two, type of polity

According to Article 1, the territory of India can be classified into three categories:

1. Territories of the states
2. Union territories
3. Territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any time.

Notably, the ‘Territory of India’ is a wider expression than the ‘Union of India’ because the latter includes only states while the former includes not only the states, but also union territories and territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any future time. The states are the members of the federal system and share a distribution of powers with the Centre. The union territories and the acquired territories, on the other hand, are directly administered by the Central government.

Solution: D

Economic Census gives the basic entrepreneurial data for planning and development in the State specially for unorganized sectors of the economy.

It is 100% centrally sponsored scheme of the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of India.

Five Economic Census have been conducted earlier throughout the country during the year 1977, 1980, 1990, 1998 and 2005.

Information collected under Economic Census provides updated frame for conducting detailed follow up surveys.

Coverage of Economic Census

1. Economic Census is the complete count of all entrepreneurial units located within the geographical boundaries of the Country.
2. Information on number of establishments and employment in all type of establishments, unpaid/paid workers, female workers, child workers, ownership of establishments, use of power, registration of establishments, source of finance etc. is collected.
3. Complete address of enterprises having 10 or more workers is recorded.

Solution: B

Quo-Warranto

In the literal sense, it means ‘by what authority or warrant’. It is issued by the court to enquire into the legality of claim of a person to a public office. Hence, it prevents illegal usurpation of public office by a person.

The writ can be issued only in case of a substantive public office of a permanent character created by a statute or by the Constitution. It cannot be issued in cases of ministerial office or private office. Unlike the other four writs, this can be sought by any interested person and not necessarily by the aggrieved person.

Solution: A

Composition

The UPSC consists of a chairman and other members appointed by the president of India. The Constitution, without specifying the strength of the Commission has left the matter to the discretion of the president, who determines its composition. Usually, the Commission consists of nine to eleven members including the chairman. Further, no qualifications are prescribed for the Commission’s membership except that one-half of the members of the Commission should be such persons who have held office for at least ten years either under the Government of India or under the government of a state. The Constitution also authorises the president to determine the conditions of service of the chairman and other members of the Commission.

The Supreme Court has held that if the government fails to consult UPSC in the matters (mentioned above), the aggrieved public servant has no remedy in a court. In other words, the court held that any irregularity in consultation with the UPSC or acting without consultation does not invalidate the decision of the government. Thus, the provision is directory and not mandatory.

Similarly, the court held that a selection by the UPSC does not confer any right to the post upon the candidate. However, the government is to act fairly and without arbitrariness or mala fides.

Solution: D

The Uighurs are Turkic Muslims who regard themselves as culturally and ethnically close to Central Asian nations.

Their language is similar to Turkish and about 11 million of them lives in China’s western Xinjiang region.

Solution: C

Bosporus strait s a narrow, natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in northwestern Turkey. It forms part of the continental boundary between Europe and Asia, and divides Turkey by separating Anatolia from Thrace.

The Bosporus connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara, and, by extension via the Dardanelles, the Aegean and Mediterranean seas.

The Strait of Hormuz is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world’s most strategically important choke points.

Solution: D

Originally, the Constitution of India did not make any provision with respect to the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities. Later, the States Reorganization Commission (1953–55) made a recommendation in this regard. Accordingly, the Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 inserted a new Article 350-B in Part XVII of the Constitution.

This article contains the following provisions:

1. There should be a Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities. He is to be appointed by the President of India.
2. It would be the duty of the Special Officer to investigate all matters relating to the safeguards provided for linguistic minorities under the Constitution. He would report to the President upon those matters at such intervals as the President may direct. The President should place all such

reports before each House of Parliament and send to the governments of the states concerned.

It must be noted here that the Constitution does not specify the qualifications, tenure, salaries and allowances, service conditions and procedure for removal of the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities.

At the Central level, the Commissioner falls under the Ministry of Minority Affairs. Hence, he submits the annual reports or other reports to the President through the Union Minority Affairs Minister.

Solution: C

The Constitution of India (Article 148) provides for an independent office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG). He is the head of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department. He is the guardian of the public purse and controls the entire financial system of the country at both the levels–the Centre and the state.

The CAG is appointed by the president of India by a warrant under his hand and seal.

He holds office for a period of six years or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. He can resign any time from his office by addressing the resignation letter to the president. He can also be removed by the president on same grounds and in the same manner as a judge of the Supreme Court. In other words, he can be removed by the president on the basis of a resolution passed to that effect by both the Houses of Parliament with special majority, either on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity.

Further, no minister can represent the CAG in Parliament (both Houses) and no minister can be called upon to take any responsibility for any actions done by him.

Solution: D

Boom

A strong upward fluctuation in the economic activities is called boom. As economies try to recover out of the phases of slowdown, recession and depression at times the measures taken by the governments as well as the private sector might put economic activities as such which the economic systems fail to digest. This is the phase of the boom. The major economic traits of boom may be listed as given below:

(i) an accelerated and prolonged increase in the demand;

(ii) demand peaks up to such a high level that it exceeds sustainable output/production levels;

(iii) the economy heats up and a demand and supply lag are visible;

(iv) the market forces mismatch (i.e., demand and supply disequilibrium) and tend to create a situation where inflation starts going upward;

(v) the economy might face structural problems like shortage of investible capital, lower savings, falling standard of living, creation of a sellers’ market.

Solution: D

About Rashtriya Gokul Mission:

• Rashtriya Gokul Mission is launched for conservation and development of indigenous breeds in a focused and scientific manner.
• It is a project under National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development.
• Rashtriya Gokul Mission will be implemented through the “State Implementing Agency (SIA viz Livestock Development Boards).
• State Gauseva Ayogs will be given the mandate to sponsor proposals to the SIA’s (LDB’s) and monitor implementation of the sponsored proposal.
• All Agencies having a role in indigenous cattle development will be the “Participating Agencies” like CFSPTI, CCBFs, ICAR, Universities, Colleges, NGO’s, Cooperative Societies and Gaushalas with best germplasm.
• Funding Pattern: Scheme is implemented on 100% grant-in-aid basis throughout the country.

Solution: D

Security Transaction Tax (STT) was first introduced in the Union Budget 2004. The idea of STT was born after it was found that there were cases of capital gains taxes evasion through real and fictitious losses. Thus, STT came into being as a way of realizing the actual potential of taxing the stock markets. So, while long-term capital gains (LTCG) tax was exempted, STT was introduced to make sure there was no tax evasion. And then, LTCG too made a comeback in 2019.

In essence, STT is an indirect tax and is imposed on a broker rather than the investor/trader directly. The broker, in turn, collects it from its clients and deposits it with the government. An investor or trader has to pay the tax no matter whether she makes a profit or not.

STT is currently imposed on equity and derivative transactions. Futures and options transactions come under the purview of STT on the sell side. Understandably, the rates on futures and options transactions are comparatively lower than on direct equities since such contracts are valued notionally.

Solution: D

Konark Sun Temple

• Built in the 13th century, the Konark temple was conceived as a gigantic chariot of the Sun God, with 12 pairs of exquisitely ornamented wheels pulled by seven horses.
• It was built by King Narasimhadeva I, the great ruler of Ganga dynasty.
• The temple is included in UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984 for its architectural greatness and also for the sophistication and abundance of sculptural work.
• The temple is perfect blend of Kalinga architecture, heritage, exotic beach and salient natural beauty.
• It is protected under the National Framework of India by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (AMASR) Act (1958) and its Rules (1959).
• The Konark is the third link of Odisha’s Golden Triangle. The first link is Jagannath Puri and the second link is Bhubaneswar (Capital city of Odisha).
• This temple was also known as ‘BLACK PAGODA’ due to its dark color and used as a navigational landmark by ancient sailors to Odisha. Similarly, the Jagannath Temple in Puri was called the “White Pagoda”.
• It remains a major pilgrimage site for Hindus, who gather here every year for the Chandrabhaga Mela around the month of February.

Solution: B

About Vishwa Shanti Stupa (World peace pagoda):

• Constructed atop the Ratnagiri Hill, it is the world’s highest peace pagoda.
• Conceptualised by neo-Buddhist organisation Nipponzan Myohoji and built by Japanese monk Fujii Guruji.
• Built completely with marble, the stupa comprises four golden statues of Lord Buddha with each representing his life periods of birth, enlightenment, preaching and death.
• There are 7 Peace Pagoda or Shanti Stupas in India, other Stupas are Global Vipassana Pagoda Mumbai, Deekshabhoomi Stupa Nagpur and Buddha Smriti Park Stupa Patna.

About Rajgir:

• The first Buddhist Council, immediately after the Mahaparinirvana of Lord Buddha, was convened at this place which presently is called Rajgir.
• It was at the Gridhakuta, the hill of the vultures, where Buddha made Bimbisara convert to Buddhism.
• Rajgir is also known as Panchpahari as it is surrounded by five holy hills.
• The legend has it that the ancient city Rajagriha existed even before Lord Buddha attained enlightenment. It was the ancient capital city of the Magadh rulers until the 5th century BC when Ajatashatru moved the capital to Pataliputra (which is now known as Patna).
• Lord Mahavira too spent 14 years of his life at Rajgir and nearby areas.

Solution: C

Geological Survey of India:

• The Geological Survey of India (GSI), founded in 1851,
• It is a Government of India Ministry of Mines organisation, one of the oldest of such organisations in the world and the second oldest survey in India after Survey of India (founded in 1767).
• It works for conducting geological surveys and studies of India, and also as the prime provider of basic earth science information to government, industry and general public, as well as the official participant in steel, coal, metals, cement, power industries and international geoscientific forums.

GSI (geology) as well as ASI (archaeology), BSI (botany), FiSI (fisheries), FSI (forests), IIEE (ecology), NIO (oceanography), RGCCI (population survey) and language survey), SI (cartography), and ZSI (zoology) are key national survey organisations of India.

Solution: D

The great Virupaksha temple, dedicated to Siva as Lokesavara, by the queen of Vikramaditya II datable to 740 A.D., was most likely built by workmen brought from Kanchipuram, and in direct imitation of the Kailasanath at Kanchipuram.

The Lingaraja temple, datable to about 1000 A.D., is perhaps the most marvellous temple ever erected in this century, the grandest and the loftiest (above 36.50 m. high) marking the culmination of the architectural activities at Bhubaneswar.

The Qutub Minar of Mehrauli was built around 1199 by Qutub-ud-din and finally completed by his son-in-law and successor IItutmish (1210-35).

In 1638 Shahjahan shifted his capital from Agra to Delhi and laid the foundation of Shahjanabad, the Seventh City of Delhi, containing his famous citadel, the Red-Fort, which was begun in 1639 and completed after 9 years.

Solution: A

Let the numbers be 3x, 4x and 5x.

Then, their LCM = 60x

So, 60x = 720 or x = 12.

The numbers are (3 * 12), (4 * 12) and (5 * 12).

Or Numbers are 36, 48, 60

 Hence, required HCF = 12

Solution: D

Let the unknown number be x.

By formula we know that, First number * Second number = HCF * LCM

24 * x = 12 * 72

Or x = 12 * 72/24

Or x= 36

Solution: A

L.C.M. of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 is 120.
So, the bells will toll together after every 120 seconds(2 minutes).
In 20 minutes, they will toll together 20/2 + 1(This is starting ring) = 11 times

P.S : Students are suggested not to get confused between 10 and 11 while solving such questions depending on the nature of the question.

Solution: C

Given number: 47623951
After rearrangement in ascending order from left to right: 12345679
Adding 2 to first four numbers : 1234 -> 3456

Subtracting 2 to remaining four numbers : 5679 -> 3457

Here, the numbers 3, 4, and 5 are repeated twice.

Thus, three numbers are repeated.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

The central focus of passage is on how the anthropogenic factors are causing the habitat disruption. Passage list out the various factors related to it.