DAY – 63 ( INSTA REVISION TEST – 63 )INSTA REVISION PLAN 3.0, 2021

Solution: D

National Tiger Conservation Authority

The National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change constituted under provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Environment Minister is the Chairman of the NTCA. Objectives of NTCA is to provide statutory authority to Project Tiger so that compliance of its directives become legal.

The NTCA / Project Tiger also conducts the country level assessment of the status of tiger, co-predators, prey and habitat once in four years, using the refined methodology, as approved by the Tiger Task Force.

As Per All India Tiger Estimation – 2018 Madhya Pradesh saw the highest number of tigers (526) followed by Karnataka (524) and Uttarakhand (442).

Solution: C

Justification

The Global Compact is the first inter-governmentally negotiated agreement, prepared under the auspices of the United Nations, covering all dimensions of international migration in a holistic and comprehensive manner.

It is a non-binding document that respects states’ sovereign right to determine who enters and stays in their territory and demonstrates commitment to international cooperation on migration. It presents a significant opportunity to improve the governance of migration, to address the challenges associated with today’s migration, and to strengthen the contribution of migrants and migration to sustainable development.

The Global Compact is framed in a way consistent with target 10.7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in which Member States committed to cooperate internationally to facilitate safe, orderly and regular migration. The Global Compact is designed to:

• support international cooperation on the governance of international migration;
• provide a comprehensive menu of options for States from which they can select policy options to address some of the most pressing issues around international migration; and
• give states the space and flexibility to pursue implementation based on their own migration realities and capacities.

Solution: D

Globba andersonii:

• It is a rare and critically endangered plant species.It is commonly as ‘dancing ladies’ or ‘swan flowers’. They are characterised by white flowers, non-appendaged anthers (the part of a stamen that contains the pollen) and a “yellowish lip”.
• The species is restricted mainly to the Teesta River Valley region which includes the Sikkim Himalayas and Darjeeling hill ranges.

Solution: C

About NEFT

National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) is an electronic funds transfer system maintained by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

The setup was established and maintained by Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT) in November 2005.

It enables bank customers in India to transfer funds between any two NEFT-enabled bank accounts on a one-to-one basis.

It is done via electronic messages.

Unlike Real-time gross settlement (RTGS), fund transfers through the NEFT system do not occur in real-time basis.

Solution: B

Eight Core Industries comprise around 40 per cent of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP

Petroleum Refinery production (weight: 28.04%): It includes total refinery production (in terms of crude throughput).

Index of Eight Core Industries is released by Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

Solution: D

The Pin Valley National Park is located within the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh. The Park forms a natural habitat for a number of endangered animals such as snow leopard and Siberian ibex with its snow laden unexplored higher reaches and slopes.

Solution: D

The Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency is a 1986 treaty of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) whereby states have agreed to provide notification to the IAEA of any assistance that they can provide in the case of a nuclear accident that occurs in another state that has ratified the treaty. Along with the Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident, it was adopted in direct response to the April 1986 Chernobyl disaster.

India had ratified the convention in 1988.

Solution: D

Dadabhai was a member of the Legislative Council of Bombay.

• In 1886, Naoroji was elected as President of the Indian National Congress.
• In England Dadabhai coined the Liberal Party and in 1892 he was elected to the Parliament.
• He was the first Indian to be elected in the British Parliament.

Dadabhai felt that the British misrule in India was mainly because of the illiteracy of the people. Thus, as a solution to this problem he started educating the masses regarding their rights and privileges. Dadabhai began free literacy classes for girls in Marathi and Gujarati. He set up the Gyan Prasarak Mandali (Society for Promotion of Knowledge) for adult education.

The Indian National Association also known as Indian Association was the first avowed nationalist organization founded in British India by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876.

Solution: D

Delimitation of Constituencies:

• Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation Commission.
• The Constitution mandates that its orders are final and cannot be questioned before any courtas it would hold up an election indefinitely.
• Under Article 82, the Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census.
• Once the Act is in force, the Union government sets up a Delimitation Commission.
• Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India.
• Composition: The commission is made up of a retired Supreme Court judge, the Chief Election Commissioner and the respective State Election Commissioners.
• There is no reservation in rajya sabha
• Functions: The Commission is supposed to determine the number and boundaries of constituencies in a way that the population of all seats, so far as practicable, is the same. The Commission is also tasked with identifying seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes; these are where their population is relatively large.
• All this is done on the basis of the latest Census and, in case of difference of opinion among members of the Commission, the opinion of the majority prevails.

Solution: D

Mutualism: Termites (white ants) are not capable of digesting wood, which they ingest as food. A multi flagellate protozoan Trichonympha campanula, which lives in the intestine of white ant secretes ‘cellulase’ enzyme to digest the cellulose of wood. In return, the ant provides food and shelter to the protozoan.

Commensalism: Epiphytes are small green plants found growing on other plants for space only. They absorb water and minerals from the atmosphere by their hygroscopic roots and prepare their own food. The plants are not harmed in any way.

Amensalism: A good example is the antibiotic juglone which is secreted by Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) trees. This substance is known to inhibit the growth of trees, shrubs, grasses, and herbs found growing near Black Walnut trees.

Solution: A

The original Constitution did not contain provisions with respect to tribunals. The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added a new Part XIV-A to the Constitution. This part is entitled as ‘Tribunals’ and consists of only two Articles—Article 323 A dealing with administrative tribunals and Article 323 B dealing with tribunals for other matters.

The CAT is not bound by the procedure laid down in the Civil Procedure
Code of 1908. It is guided by the principles of natural justice. These
principles keep the CAT flexible in approach.

Originally, appeals against the orders of the CAT could be made only in the Supreme Court and not in the high courts. However, in the Chandra Kumar case (1997), the Supreme Court declared this restriction on the jurisdiction of the high courts as unconstitutional, holding that judicial review is a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. It laid down that appeals against the orders of the CAT shall lie before the division bench of the concerned high court. Consequently, now it is not possible for an aggrieved public servant to approach the Supreme Court directly against an order of the CAT, without first going to the concerned high court.

Solution: A

The Central Vigilance Commission He Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is the main agency for preventing corruption in the Central government. It was established in 1964 by an executive resolution of the Central government. Its establishment was recommended by the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1962–64).

The CVC is a multi-member body consisting of a Central Vigilance Commissioner (chairperson) and not more than two vigilance commissioners. They are appointed by the president by warrant under his hand and seal on the recommendation of a three-member committee consisting of the prime minister as its head, the union minister of home affairs and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

The CVC has to present annually to the President a report on its performance. The President places this report before each House of Parliament.

It is not an investigating agency. The CVC either gets the investigation done through the CBI or through chief vigilance officers (CVO) in government offices

Solution: A

Compulsory Provisions of the 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) or the Part IX of the Constitution:

1. Organisation of Gram Sabha in a village or group of villages.
2. Establishment of panchayats at the village, intermediate and district
   levels.
3. Direct elections to all seats in panchayats at the village, intermediate and
   district levels.
4. Indirect elections to the post of chairperson of panchayats at the
   intermediate and district levels.
5. 21 years to be the minimum age for contesting elections to panchayats.
6. Reservation of seats (both members and chairpersons) for SCs and STs in
   panchayats at all the three levels.
7. Reservation of one-third seats (both members and chairpersons) for
   women in panchayats at all the three levels.
8. Fixing tenure of five years for panchayats at all levels and holding fresh
   elections within six months in the event of supersession of any panchayat.
9. Establishment of a State Election Commission for conducting elections to
   the panchayats.
10. Constitution of a State Finance Commission after every five years to review the financial position of the panchayats.
    Voluntary Provisions:
11. Giving representation to members of the Parliament (both the Houses)
    and the state legislature (both the Houses) in the panchayats at different
    levels falling within their constituencies.
12. Providing reservation of seats (both members and chairpersons) for
    backward classes in panchayats at any level.
13. Granting powers and authority to the panchayats to enable them to
    function as institutions of self-government (in brief, making them
    autonomous bodies).
14. Devolution of powers and responsibilities upon panchayats to prepare
    plans for economic development and social justice; and to perform some
    or all of the 29 functions listed in the Eleventh Schedule of the
    Constitution.
    5. Granting financial powers to the pachayats, that is, authorizing them to
    levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees

Solution: B

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, or MERS‐CoV) that was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.

Health care associated outbreaks have occurred in several countries, with the largest outbreaks seen in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and the Republic of Korea.

MERS-CoV is a zoonotic virus, which means it is a virus that is transmitted between animals and people. Studies have shown that humans are infected through direct or indirect contact with infected dromedary camels.

Solution: A

• Gargi, a woman Upanishadic thinker, participated in debates held in royal courts.
• Panini’s Ashtadhyayi (5^th/4^th century BCE) predates Patanjali’s Mahabhashya (2^nd century BCE).

• The author of Indika (Megasthenes) was the ambassador of Seleucus Nikator (a Greek king) to the court of the Mauryas.
• The Besnagar pillar (Heliodorus pillar) bears an inscription of the ambassador (Heliodorus) of Indo-Greek king Antialkidas.

Solution: B

Justification:

The writ of mandamus is a command issued by the court to a public official asking him to perform his official duties that he has failed or refused to perform. It can also be issued against any public body, a corporation, an inferior court, a tribunal or government for the same purpose.

The writ of prohibition can be issued only against judicial and quasijudicial authorities. It is not available against administrative authorities, legislative bodies, and private individuals or bodies.

Previously, the writ of certiorari could be issued only against judicial and
quasi-judicial authorities and not against administrative authorities. However, in 1991, the Supreme Court ruled that the certiorari can be issued even against administrative authorities affecting rights of individuals. Like prohibition, certiorari is also not available against legislative bodies and private individuals or bodies.

Solution: B

Inner Line Permit (ILP):

• It is a document required by non- natives to visit or stay in a state that is protected under the ILP system.
• At present, four Northeastern states are covered, namely, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland. (The inclusion of Manipur in Inner Line Permit was announced on 10 December 2019)
• Both the duration of stay and the areas allowed to be accessed are determined by the ILP.
• The ILP is issued by the concerned state government and can be availed both by applying online and in person.

What about foreigners?

An ILP is only valid for domestic tourists. For foreign tourists in:

• Manipur: No permit is required. But, have to register themselves.
• Mizoram: No permit is required. But, need to register.
• Nagaland: No permit is required. However, they need to register.
• Arunachal Pradesh: Tourists need a Protected Area Permit (PAP) from the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.

Solution: D

The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire. Towards the end of the successor of Nagabhata II of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, successfully attacked Kanauj and established control there

Solution: A

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices. The minimum support prices are announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).

Government announces minimum support prices (MSPs) for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative price (FRP) for sugarcane (Total 23 cros). The mandated crops are 14 crops of the kharif season, 6 rabi crops and two other commercial crops.

About the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP):

The Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP) is an attached office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. It came into existence in January 1965. Currently, the Commission comprises a Chairman, Member Secretary, one Member (Official) and two Members (Non-Official). The non-official members are representatives of the farming community and usually have an active association with the farming community.

As of now, CACP recommends MSPs of 23 commodities, which comprise 7 cereals (paddy, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, barley and ragi), 5 pulses (gram, tur, moong, urad, lentil), 7 oilseeds (groundnut, rapeseed-mustard, soyabean, seasmum, sunflower, safflower, nigerseed), and 4 commercial crops (copra, sugarcane, cotton and raw jute).

CACP submits its recommendations to the government in the form of Price Policy Reports every year, separately for five groups of commodities namely Kharif crops, Rabi crops, Sugarcane, Raw Jute and Copra.

The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) of the Union government takes a final decision on the level of MSPs and other recommendations made by CACP.

Solution: C

ISRO is a signatory of the International Charter for ‘Space and Major Disasters’, which aims at providing a unified system of space data acquisition and delivery to users affected by disasters. Towards this, ISRO supports the charter and Sentinel Asia by planning satellite data acquisition from various Indian Remote Sensing Satellites and providing the same within a stipulated time period. In 2017, ISRO supported 29 disasters across 22 counties by providing around 140 sets of IRS (Indian remote sensing) data.

The Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum (APRSAF) was established in 1993 to enhance space activities in the Asia-Pacific region.

Under the framework of APRSAF initiative Sentinel Asia, ISRO supports the disaster management activities in Asia-Pacific region. In addition to the Charter and Sentinel Asia, ISRO also supports the Disaster Management activities of UNESCAP under regional co-operation.

Space agencies, governmental bodies, international organizations, private companies, universities, and research institutes from over 40 countries and regions take part in APRSAF, the largest space-related conference in the Asia-Pacific region.

APRSAF currently organizes four working groups—Space Applications, Space Technology, Space Environment Utilization, and Space Education—to share information about the activities and future plans of each country and region in these respective areas. APRSAF also supports the establishment of international projects as solutions for common issues, such as disaster management and environmental protection, so that participating parties will benefit from mutual cooperation.

Solution: A

Mezzanine financing is defined as a financial instrument which is a mix of debt and equity finance. It is a debt capital that gives the lender the rights to convert to an ownership or equity interest in the company. Mezzanine finance is listed as an asset on company’s balance sheet.

Solution: B

The Persian general Nadir Shah went to India in 1739. He wanted to conquer the throne, which had been weakened during the reign of Sultan Mahamad. The Sultan lost the decisive battle and had to surrender to Nadir. It was Nadir Shah who gave the diamond its current name, Koh-i-noor meaning “Mountain of light”

Solution: D

Stagflation is a condition of slow economic growth and relatively high unemployment, or economic stagnation, accompanied by rising prices, or inflation. It can also be defined as inflation and a decline in gross domestic product (GDP).

Solution: C

The Rahn curve is a graph used to illustrate an economic theory, proposed in 1996 by American economist Richard W. Rahn, which indicates that there is a level of government spending that maximizes economic growth. The theory is used by classical liberals to argue for a decrease in overall government spending and taxation. The inverted-U-shaped curve suggests that the optimal level of government spending is 15–25% of GDP.

Solution: A

‘Legal tender’ is the money that is recognised by the law of the land, as valid for payment of debt. It must be accepted for discharge of debt. The RBI Act of 1934, which gives the central bank the sole right to issue bank notes, states that “Every bank note shall be legal tender at any place in India in payment for the amount expressed therein”.

Legal tender can be limited or unlimited in character. In India, coins function as limited legal tender. Therefore, 50 paise coins can be offered as legal tender for dues up to ₹10 and smaller coins for dues up to ₹1. Currency notes are unlimited legal tender and can be offered as payment for dues of any size.

Solution: B

9 kids’ 1 day work = 1/360 ⇒1 kid’s 1 day work = 1/3240

18 men’s 1 day work = 1/72 ⇒1 man’s 1 day work = 1/1296

12 women’s 1 day work = 1/162 ⇒1 women’s 1 day work = 1/1944

(4men +12 women +10 kid) 1 day work = (4/1296+ 12/1944+10/3240)

= (1/324+1/162+1/324) = 4/324 = 1/81

Hence they can finish the work in 81 days.

Solution: D

Let 1 man’s 1 day work be x and 1 woman’s 1 day work be y. then

4x+6 y= 1/8 … (1)

3x+7y = 1/10 …(2)

Multiplying (1) by 3, (2) by 4 and subtracting, we get

10 y = (4/10- 3/8) = (16-15)/40 = 1/40 ⇒y = 1/400

1 woman’s 1 day work = 1/400

10 women’s 1 day work = (1/400*10) = 1/40

Hence 10 women can finish the work in 40 days

Solution: C

Let B’s 1 day work =x. Then , A’s 1 day’s work=2x

X+2x=1/12⇒3x=1/12⇒x=1/36.

B’s 1 day work=1/36.

Hence B alone can finish the work in 36 days.

Solution: B

Part filled in 1 min. = 3/7.

Remaining part = (1- 3/7)= 4/7

Let the required time be x min.

Therefore, 3/7: 4/7:: 1: x ⇒ 3x/7 = (4/7*1) ⇒ x= 4/3 min.

Solution: D.

All the three are issues that can be addressed or mitigated by increasing focus on adaptation. Hence all three are correct. Thus D is the correct answer.