[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2021: INSIGHTS STATIC , 17 September 2021 – History

Solution: a)

No first use nuclear doctrine refers to a pledge or a policy by a nuclear power not to use nuclear weapons as a means of warfare unless first attacked by an adversary using nuclear weapons. Earlier, the concept had also been applied to chemical and biological warfare.

• China became the first nation to propose and pledge NFU policy when it first gained nuclear capabilities in 1964, stating “not to be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time or under any circumstances”.
• India first adopted a “No first use” policy after its second nuclear tests, Pokhran-II, in 1998.

Solution: b)

Operation Blue Star was the code name of an Indian military action which was carried out between 1 and 10 June, 1984, in order to capture the Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers hidden inside the buildings of Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) complex in Amritsar, Punjab.

Operation Black Thunder is the name given to two operations that took place in India in the late 1980s to flush out remaining Kharku Sikh militants from the Golden Temple using ‘Black Cat’ commandos of the National Security Guards Like Operation Blue Star, these attacks were on Kharku Sikhs who were based in the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab.

Operation Polo: Indian armed forces ended the rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad and led to the incorporation of the princely state of Hyderabad into the Indian Union

Solution: c)

Jaya Prakash once stated that Total Revolution is a combination of seven revolu­tions, viz., political, social, economic, cultural, ideological or intellectual, educational and spiritual; and the main motive being to bring in a change in the existing society that is in tune with the ideals of the Sarvodaya.

Solution: d)

The Chipko movement was a Gandhian form of protest against deforestation by locals in the Himalayan region. To stop deforestation, locals – primarily women – would make circles around trees and stop men from cutting them down.

The first Chipko action took place in April 1973 in Mandal village, now in Uttarakhand, and spread over the next five years to many Himalayan districts.

The movement sparked after the government decided to allot a plot of forest area in the Alaknanda valley to a sports goods company.

With the help from a local NGO, the women of the area went into the forest and formed a circle around the trees, protecting them from the men who came to cut down the trees.

Sunderlal Bahuguna, who was leading the movement, appealed to then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to implement a ban on cutting down the trees. His appeal resulted in a 15-year ban on chopping green trees in 1980.

Solution: c)

Third World countries were labelled during the Cold War to reference those nations that were not aligned with either the United States or the Soviet Union.

Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the term Third World has decreased in use. It is being replaced with terms such as developing countries, least developed countries or the Global South.