[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 9 September 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: The objective of the CAA is to grant Indian citizenship to persecuted minorities — Hindu, Sikh, Jain, Buddhist, Parsi and Christian — from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.
  • It does not protect all religious minorities, nor does it apply to all neighbours. Ex: Ahmedia Muslim sect in Pakistan, Rohingya Muslims and Hindus from Burma etc.
• S2: The Act does not apply to tribal areas of Tripura, Mizoram, Assam and Meghalaya because of being included in the 6th Schedule of the Constitution.
• S3: Also areas that fall under the Inner Limit notified under the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation, 1873, will also be outside the Act’s purview.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/09/09/citizenship-amendment-act-2019/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Whenever a vacancy is expected to arise in the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court, the Chief Justice of India will initiate proposal and forward his recommendation to the Union Minister of Law, Justice and Company Affairs to fill up the vacancy.
• S2: The Chief Justice of India and the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President under clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/09/09/supreme-court-collegium-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: Also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
  • The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU).
• S2: As part of the deal, Iran agreed to reduce its number of centrifuges – tube-shaped machines that help enrich uranium – by two-thirds. It also agreed to reduce its stockpile of enriched uranium by 98% and limit uranium enrichment to 3.67%.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/09/09/iran-nuclear-deal-4/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: The Union Budget for 2018-19 had announced that MSP would be kept at levels of 1.5 the cost of production.
• S2: The MSP is fixed twice a year on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), which is a statutory body and submits separate reports recommending prices for kharif and rabi seasons.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/09/09/minimum-support-price-msp-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Thickness of plastic carry bags to be increased from 50 microns –
  • to 75 microns from 30th September, 2021
  • to 120 microns from the 31st December, 2022
• The waste management infrastructure in the States/UTs is being strengthened through the Swachh Bharat Mission.
• Refer: Government notifies the Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules, 2021, prohibiting identified single use plastic items by 2022.
  • https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1745433

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/08/16/plastic-waste-management-amendment-rules-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation;

• S1: The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS). When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 15 September 1987, the Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified every country on Earth – all 198 UN Member States.
• S2: The Montreal Protocol led to the replacement of CFCs with Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which do not destroy the Ozone layer.
  • Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are gases used worldwide in refrigeration, air-conditioning and foam applications, but they are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol since deplete the ozone layer. HCFCs are both ODS and powerful greenhouse gases: the most commonly used HCFC is nearly 2,000 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming potential (GWP).
  • Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), were introduced as non-ozone depleting alternatives to support the timely phase out of CFCs and HCFCs. HFCs are now widespread in air conditioners, refrigerators, aerosols, foams and other products. While these chemicals do not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, some of them have high GWPs ranging from 12 to 14,000.

Refer: https://www.unep.org/ozonaction/who-we-are/about-montreal-protocol

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Recently, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released its Sixth Assessment Report “Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science”.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/08/14/ipccs-sixth-assessment-report/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: The Sutlej river rises near Rakastal which is fed by the lake Mansrover in the Tibetan Plateau at an elevation level (EL) of about 4,572 M.
• S2: The river Sutlej is known as Langqen Zagbo inside Tibet/China.
• S3: The main tributary in India are Ravi and Beas

Refer: https://indiawris.gov.in/wiki/doku.php?id=satluj

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2018 identified 351 polluted river stretches in India. The assessment of water quality for identification of polluted river stretches found that 31 states and Union territories (UT) had rivers and streams that did not meet the water quality criteria. These states / UTs have to submit their action plans for the same.
• Maharashtra has the highest number of polluted river stretches (53), followed by Assam (44), Madhya Pradesh (22), Kerala (21), Gujarat (20), Odisha (19), and West Bengal and Karnataka (17).

Refer: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/pollution/behind-polluted-indian-river-stretches-inadequate-sewage-treatment-77957

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Chhattisgarh government is considering extending the area of the proposed Lemru Elephant Reserve (LER) following demands from the activists, who are advocating the inclusion of the total catchment area of the Hasdeo River within the pachyderms’ new habitat.

Refer: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-a-proposed-elephant-reserve-in-chhattisgarh-and-its-reduced-area-7400025/