DAY – 39( INSTA REVISION TEST – 39)INSTA REVISION PLAN 3.0, 2021

Solution: A

Treaty of Gandamak (May 1879) The treaty signed after the Second-Anglo Afghan War provided that:

• the Amir conduct his foreign policy with the adviceof Government of India;
• a permanent British resident be stationed at Kabul;and
• the Government of India give Amir all support againstforeign aggression, and an annual subsidy.

Solution: C

Lala Lajpat Rai took the movement to Punjab and parts of northern India. He was assisted in his venture by Ajit Singh. His articles, which were published in Kayastha Samachar, endorsed technical education and industrial selfsufficiency.

Syed Haider Raza popularised the Swadeshi Movement in Delhi.

Solution: D

Both the statements are correct.

The Savarkar brothers founded the Mitra Mela in 1899 and were directly involved in extremism in Maharashtra. Madan Mohan Malaviya and Motilal Nehru were in favour of cooperation with provincial governments and nonpolitical Swadeshi Movement.

Solution: D
Notable work done under the tenure of Linlithgow:

• Indian provincial elections (1937)
• Indian entry into World War II (1939)
• Resignation of Congress Ministries in the provinces
• Day of Deliverance (1939)
• Formation of Forward Bloc
• Lahore Resolution (1940)

Solution: A

Hunter Commission – Education

Aitchison commission – Public services

Sergeant plan – Education.

Macdonnel commission – Famine

Solution: C
Narayana Guru was a social reformer of India. He was born into a family of the Ezhava caste in an era when people from such communities, which were regarded as Avarna, faced much
injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala Guru Sri Narayana Guru preached the doctrine of ‘One caste, One religion, One God. His disciple Ayyapan, changed into ‘no religion, no caste and no God for mankind.

Solution: D

Savitribai Phule was an Indian social reformer, educationalist, anti-abortionist and poet from Maharashtra. She is regarded as the first female teacher of India. Along with her husband, Jyotirao Phule, she played an important role in improving women’s rights in India during British rule.

Savitribai Phule wrote many poems against discrimination and advised people to get educated. Two books of her poems were published posthumously, Kavya Phule (1954) and Bavan Kashi Subodh Ratnakar.

The first indigenously-run school for girls in Pune (at that time Poona) was started by Jyotirao and Savitribai in 1848. She also started the Mahila Seva Mandal with the objective of creating awareness among women regarding their rights, dignity and other social issues.

In 1863, Jyotirao and Savitribai also started a care center called ‘Balhatya Pratibandhak Griha,’ possibly the first ever infanticide prohibition home founded in India.

It was set up so that pregnant Brahmin widows and rape victims can deliver their children in a safe and secure place thus preventing the killing of widows as well as reducing the rate of infanticide.

Solution: C
Sarojini Naidu gave Jinnah, the chief architect of the Lucknow Pact, the title of “the Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity.

Solution: C

Nirankari, (Punjabi: “Followers of the Formless One”—i.e., God) religious reform movement within Sikhism. The Nirankari movement was founded by Dayal Das (died 1855), who belonged to a half-Sikh, half-Hindu community in Peshawar. He believed that God is formless, or nirankar (hence the name Nirankari). He also stressed the importance of meditation.

The movement expanded in northwest Punjab, Dayal Das’s native region, under the leadership of his successors Darbara Singh (1855–70) and Ratta Ji (1870–1909). Unlike mainstream Sikhs, but like other groups closely related to them such as the Namdharis, Nirankaris accept the authority of a living guru (spiritual guide) and recognized Dayal Das and his successors as gurus.

Its members differ from other Sikhs in their disapproval of the militant brotherhood of the Khalsa. The chief contribution of the Nirankari movement is its standardization of rituals connected with birth, marriage, and death based on the Sikh scriptures. Its following is drawn primarily from among the urban trading communities. The sect has its headquarters at Chandigarh.

The Theosophical Society was officially formed in New York City, United States, on 17 November 1875 by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Colonel Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others.

It was self-described as “an unsectarian body of seekers after Truth, who endeavour to promote Brotherhood and strive to serve humanity.” Olcott was its first president, and remained president until his demise in 1907. After Helena Blavatsky’s death in 1891, the Society’s leaders seemed at first to work together peacefully. This did not last long. Judge was accused by Olcott and then prominent. Theosophist Annie Besant of forging letters from the Mahatmas; he ended his association with Olcott and Besant in 1895 and took most of the Society’s American Section with him. The original organisation led by Olcott and Besant remains today based in India and is known as the Theosophical Society – Adyar.

The Self-Respect Movement is a South Asian movement with the aim of achieving a society where

backward castes have equal human rights, and encouraging backward castes to have self-respect in the context of a caste-based society that considered them to be a lower end of the hierarchy.

It was founded by Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy.

Solution: A
It was decided to limit the Swadeshi and Boycott movement to Bengal region only.

Solution: D

Some of the reforms/events that took place under the Governor General William Bentick(1828-1835) were

(i) Abolition of sati and other cruel rites (1829)

(ii) Suppression of thugi (1830).

(iii) Charter Act of 1833.
(iv) Resolution of 1835, and educational reforms and introduction of English as the official language etc

Solution: D

“I do believe that, where there is only a choice between cowardice and violence, I would advise violence… I would rather have India resort to arms in order to defend her honour than that she should, in a cowardly manner, become or remain a helpless witness to her own dishonor”. This was said by Mahatma Gandhiji

Solution: C

Provision was made under the Charter Act, 1833 for the addition of a law member to the Governor-General’s Council. Lord Macaulay was the first Law Member appointed under the Act. The Governor-General was also advised to appoint a Law Commission to codify all the laws.

Solution: A

Lee Commission (1924)

The Lee Commission recommended that—

• the secretary of state should continue to recruit the ICS, the Irrigation branch of the Service of Engineers, the Indian Forest Service, etc.;
• the recruitments for the transferred fields like education and civil medical service be made by provincial governments;
• direct recruitment to ICS on basis of 50:50 parity between the Europeans and the Indians be reached in 15 years;
• a Public Service Commission be immediately established (as laid down in the Government of India Act, 1919).

The Aitchison Committee on Public Services (1886), set up by Dufferin, recommended—

• dropping of the terms ‘covenanted’ and ‘uncovenanted’;
• classification of the civil service into Imperial Indian

1. Civil Service (examination in England), Provincial
2. Civil Service (examination in India) and Subordinate
3. Civil Service (examination in India); and,

• raising the age limit to 23.

Solution: D

Rebellion by Naval Ratings

On February 18, 1946 some 1100 Royal Indian Navy (RIN) ratings of HMIS Talwar went on a strike to protest against

1. racial discrimination (demanding equal pay for Indian and white soldiers)
2. unpalatable food
3. abuse by superior officers
4. arrest of a rating for scrawling ‘Quit India’ on HMIS Talwar
5. INA trials
6. use of Indian troops in Indonesia, demanding their withdrawal.

The rebellious ratings hoisted the tricolour, crescent, and the hammer and sickle flags on the mast of the rebel fleet. Other ratings soon joined and they went around Bombay in lorries holding Congress flags threatening Europeans and policemen. Crowds brought food to the ratings and shopkeepers invited them to take whatever they needed.

Solution: B

Richard Strachey Commission of 1880 was created to develop a general strategy and principles to deal with the famines. It was the first Famine commission and was constituted during the period of Lord Lytton.

Solution: D

Lord Linlithgow 1936-1944

(i) First general elections (1936-37); Congress attained absolute majority.

(ii) Resignation of the Congress ministries after the outbreak of the Second World War (1939).

(iii) Subhash Chandra Bose elected as the president of Congress at the fifty-first session of the Congress (1938).

(iv) Resignation of Bose in 1939 and formation of the Forward Bloc (1939).

(v) Lahore Resolution (March 1940) by the Muslim League, demand for separate state for Muslims.

(vi) ‘August Offer’ (1940) by the viceroy; its criticism by the Congress and endorsement by the Mulsim League.

(vii) Winston Churchill elected prime minister of England (1940).

(viii) Escape of Subhash Chandra Bose from India (1941) and organisation of the Indian National Army.

(ix) Cripps Mission’s Cripps Plan to offer dominion status to India and setting up of a Constituent Assembly; its rejection by the Congress.

(x) Passing of the ‘Quit India Resolution’ by the Congress (1942); outbreak of ‘August Revolution’; or Revolt of 1942 after the arrest of national leaders.

(xi) ‘Divide and Quit’ slogan at the Karachi session (1944) of the Muslim League.

Solution: D

Quit India Movement

Parallel Governments

Parallel governments were established at many places:

• Ballia (in August 1942 for a week)—under Chittu Pandey. He got many Congress leaders released.
• Tamluk (Midnapore, from December 1942 to September 1944)—Jatiya Sarkar undertook cyclone relief work, sanctioned grants to schools, supplied paddy from the rich to the poor, organised Vidyut Vahinis, etc.
• Satara (mid-1943 to 1945)—named “Prati Sarkar”, was organised under leaders like Y.B. Chavan, Nana Patil, etc.

Village libraries and Nyayadan Mandals were organised, prohibition campaigns were carried on and ‘Gandhi marriages’ were organised.

Active help was provided by businessmen (through donations, shelter and material help), students (acting as couriers), simple villagers (by refusing information to authority), pilots and train drivers (by delivering bombs and other material) and government officials including police (who passed on secret information to the activists).

Solution: B

The Subsidiary System

The predecessors of Wellesley concluded alliances with Indian princes like the Nawab of Oudh and the Nizam of Hyderabad. They received subsidies from the Indian rulers for the maintenance of British troops, which were used for the protection of respective Indian states. Wellesley enlarged and consolidated the already existing system. However, his originality was revealed in its application.

Main Features of Subsidiary Alliance

1. Any Indian ruler who entered into the subsidiary alliance with the British had to maintain a contingent of British troops in his territory.

It was commanded by a British officer. The Indian state was called ‘the protected state’ and the British hereinafter were referred to as ‘the paramount power’. It was the duty of the British to safeguard that state from external aggression and to help its ruler maintain internal peace. The protected state should give some money or give part of its territory to the British to support the subsidiary force.

2. The protected state should cut off its connection with European powers other than the English and with the French in particular. The state was also forbidden to have any political contact even with other Indian powers without the permission of the British.
3. The ruler of the protected state should keep a British Resident at his court and disband his own army. He should not employ Europeans in his service without the sanction of the paramount power.
4. The paramount power should not interfere in the internal affairs of the protected state.

Enforcement of the Subsidiary System

Hyderabad: Hyderabad was the first state which was brought under Wellesley’s Subsidiary System in 1798.

Solution: B

The practice of child marriage was another social stigma for the women. In November 1870, the Indian Reforms Association was started with the efforts of Keshav Chandra Sen. A journal called Mahapap Bal Vivah (Child marriage: The Cardinal Sin) was also launched with the efforts of B.M. Malabari to fight against child marriage. In 1846, the minimum marriageable age for a girl was only 10 years. In 1891, through the enactment of the Age of Consent Act, this was raised to 12 years. In 1930, through the Sharda Act, the minimum age was raised to 14 years. After independence, the limit was raised to 18 years in 1978.

Solution: B

Community Reserve:

• It is established under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
• It enables any state government to declare community-owned forest area as “community reserve” if locals are willing to participate in conservation efforts for same.

Under it, community reserve receives same legal protection as National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.

Solution: B

Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB)

• It is a statutory multi-disciplinary body.  It functions under the Ministry of Environment and Forests. Its responsibilities include combating organized wildlife crime in the country.
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Functions: Under Section 38 (Z) of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, it is mandated to:
  • Collect intelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities. And to circulate it to the States and other enforcement agencies for immediate actions, to catch the criminals.
  • Establish a centralized wildlife crime data bank.
  • Coordinates with foreign authorities and international organization to facilitate universal action on wildlife crimes.
  • Build capacity of the wildlife crime enforcement agencies for scientific and professional investigation into wildlife crimes.
  • Assist State Governments to ensure success in prosecutions related to wildlife crimes.
  • Advise the Government of India on issues relating to wildlife crimes having national and international ramifications, relevant policy, and laws.
• It also assists and advises the Customs authorities in inspection of the consignments of flora & fauna as per the provisions of Wild Life Protection Act, CITES, and EXIM Policy governing such an item.

Solution: C

Institutions of Eminence scheme:

• Implemented under the Union human resource development (HRD) ministry.
• Aims to project Indian institutes to global recognition.
• The selected institutes will enjoy complete academic and administrative autonomy.
• They will receive special funding.
• The selection shall be made through challenge method mode by the Empowered Expert Committee constituted for the purpose.
• Eligibility: Only higher education institutions currently placed in the top 500 of global rankings or top 50 of the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are eligible to apply for the eminence tag.
• The private Institutions of Eminence can also come up as greenfield ventures provided the sponsoring organisation submits a convincing perspective plan for 15 years.
• Under the scheme, Public Institutions of Eminence are eligible for a grant of ₹1,000 crore from the government and no funds will be given to Private Institutions of Eminence.
• The IoEs will enjoy complete academic and administrative freedom.

Other benefits include the freedom to:

• to recruit faculty from outside India (limit of 25% of its faculty strength for public institution).
• to enter into academic collaborations with other Institutions within the country.
• to admit additionally foreign students on merit subject to a maximum of 30% of the strength of admitted domestic students.
• to fix and charge fees from foreign students without restriction.
• To fix curriculum and syllabus, with no UGC mandated curriculum structure.
• to offer online courses as part of their programmes with a restriction that not more than 20% of the programme should be in online mode.
• UGC Inspection shall not apply to Institutions of Eminence.

Solution: D

Tropical Cyclone

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and/or squalls.

Conditions Favourable for Tropical Cyclone Formation

• Large sea surface with temperature higher than 27° C,
• Presence of the Coriolis force enough to create a cyclonic vortex,
• Small variations in the vertical wind speed,
• A pre-existing weak low-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation,
• Upper divergence above the sea level system

Solution: A

Geological Survey of India

• It was set up in 1851 primarily to find coal deposits for the Railways.
• Over the years, it has not only grown into a repository of geo-science information required in various fields in the country but has also attained the status of a geo-scientific organisation of international repute.
• The main functions of the GSI relate to creation and updation of national geo-scientific information and mineral resource assessment.
• It is headquartered in Kolkata and has six regional offices located at Lucknow, Jaipur, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Shillong and Kolkata. Every state has a state unit.
• Presently, GSI is an attached office to the Ministry of Mines.

Solution: C

Ratio of capital invested by each partner.
i.e Ramya and Bharathi for one year in order to get same profit.

Ramya invested for 12 months whereas Bharathi invested for 4 months. Therefore,
= 12 * 60000 : 4 * 30000
= 720000 : 120000
= 6 : 1
Share of Bharathi out of Rs .24500
= 1/7 * 24500
= Rs. 3500

Solution: D

Let the initial quantity of milk in vessel be T litres.

Let us say x litres of the mixture is taken out and replaced by water for n times, alternatively.

Quantity of milk finally in the vessel is then given by [(T – x)/T]ⁿ * T

For the given problem, T = 90, x = 9 and n = 2.

Hence, quantity of milk finally in the vessel

= [(90 – 9)/90]² (90) = 72.9 litres.

Solution: A

The average of 11 numbers is 10.9.

Therefore, sum of all numbers = 10.9 * 11 =    119.9 —(1)

Average of first six numbers i.e 1st to 6^th number = 10.5

Sum of fist six numbers = 10.5 * 6 = 63 — (2)

Average of last six numbers i.e 6^th to 11^th number = 11.4

Sum of last six numbers = 11.4 * 6 =    68.4 – (3)

By adding Eqn (2) and (3) , we get 131. 4

Now, to get sixth number we should subtract eqn (1) from 131.4

Thus, sixth number = 131.4 – 119.9 = 11.5

Solution: D

Let the cost price = x

Therefore selling price with 60% profit = 160/100 x =8/5 x

It is given that selling price is 38 more than one-third of cost price

è (8/5) * x = x/3 + 38

• (8/5 – 1/3) * x = 38
• ((24 – 5)/15) * x = 38
• x = 38 * 15/19
• x = 30

Therefore, cost price = Rs 30

Solution: C

Given number: 47623951
After rearrangement in ascending order from left to right: 12345679
Adding 2 to first four numbers : 1234 -> 3456

Subtracting 2 to remaining four numbers : 5679 -> 3457

Here, the numbers 3, 4, and 5 are repeated twice.

Thus, three numbers are repeated.