[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2021: Insights Current Affairs Quiz, 30 August 2021

Solution: d)

The PESA Act conferred the absolute powers to Gram Sabha, whereas state legislature has given an advisory role to ensure the proper functioning of Panchayats and Gram Sabhas. The power delegated to Gram Sabha’s cannot be curtailed by a higher level, and there shall be independence throughout. Following powers and functions have been provided to the Gram Sabhas:

• Protection of traditional belief, the culture of the tribal communities
• Resolution of the local disputes
• Prevention of land alienation
• Management and protection of the common properties based on their traditions
• Management of village markets
• Right to control production, distillation, and prohibition of liquor
• Exercise of control over money-lending
• Any other rights involving the Scheduled Tribes.

Source

Solution: b)

The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report has warned that ocean warming will continue over the 21st century and is likely to continue until at least the year 2300 even if we minimise carbon emissions.

The amount of ocean warming observed since 1971 will likely at least double by 2100 under a low warming scenario and will increase by 4-8 times under a high warming scenario.

This warming can help create both anoxic (waters that have no dissolved oxygen) and hypoxic (low oxygen concentration) zones. The report adds that these oxygen-deficient areas are expected to persist for thousands of years.

Previous studies have noted that warming oceans can cause stress, decrease the range, increase diseases and even wipe out many commonly eaten fish. Last year, a study noted that future ocean warming and acidification may drag down the commercial Arctic cod fishery by 2100.

Several species were noted to migrate poleward or to deeper waters to stay in their ideal temperature range.

As temperature increases, the demand for oxygen of many fish species will exceed their capacity to extract oxygen from the environment through their gills. As a result, the aerobic capacity of fish decreases in warming waters, and this reduction may be more important in larger fishes.

Source

Solution: d)

What are earth-observation satellites used for?

Land and forest mapping and monitoring, mapping of resources like water or minerals or fishes, weather and climate observations, soil assessment, geospatial contour mapping are all done through earth-observation satellites.

Solution: c)

• ASF is a highly contagious and fatal animal disease that infects domestic and wild pigs, typically resulting in an acute form of hemorrhagic fever.
• It was first detected in Africa in the 1920s.
• ASF is not a threat to human beings since it only spreads from animals to other animals.
• As of now, there is no approved vaccine, which is also a reason why animals are culled to prevent the spread of infection.

Solution: a)

The Tharu community belongs to the Terai lowlands, amid the Shivaliks or lower Himalayas. The Tharus live in both India and Nepal. In the Indian terai, they live mostly in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. The word tharu is believed to be derived from sthavir, meaning followers of Theravada Buddhism.