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India assumes UNSC presidency

Topics Covered: Important International institutions, agencies and fora, their structure, mandate.

India assumes UNSC presidency:

Context:

India has assumed the rotating Presidency of the United Nations Security Council for the month of August.

  • This is India’s tenth tenure.
  • This is also India’s first presidency in the UNSC during its 2021-22 tenure as a non-permanent member of the UNSC.

 

About Security Council Presidency:

  1. The presidency of the Council is held by each of the members in turn for one month, following the English alphabetical order of the Member States names.
  2. It rotates among the 15 member-states of the council monthly.
  3. The head of the country’s delegation is known as the President of the United Nations Security Council.
  4. The president serves to coordinate actions of the council, decide policy disputes, and sometimes functions as a diplomat or intermediary between conflicting groups.

 

About UNSC:

  • The United Nations Charter established six main organs of the United Nations, including the United Nations Security Council (UNSC).
  • The Security Council has the power to make decisions that member states are then obligated to implement under the Charter.
  • Permanent and Non-Permanent Members: The UNSC is composed of 15 members, 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent.
  • Each year, the General Assembly elects five non-permanent members for a two-year term.

 

Proposed UNSC reforms:

Reform of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) encompasses five key issues: categories of membership, the question of the veto held by the five permanent members, regional representation, the size of an enlarged Council and its working methods, and the Security Council-General Assembly relationship.

 

Case for Permanent Membership of India in UNSC:

  1. India is the founding member of the UN.
  2. Most significantly, India has almost twice the number of peacekeepers deployed on the ground than by P5 countries.
  3. India is also the largest democracy and second-most populous country.
  4. India’s acquired status of a Nuclear Weapons State (NWS) in May 1998 also makes India a natural claimant as a permanent member similar to the existing permanent members who are all Nuclear Weapon States.
  5. India is the undisputed leader of the Third world countries, as reflected by its leadership role in Non-Aligned Movement and G-77 grouping.

 

Insta Curious:

Have you heard about the “coffee club”, which is an informal grouping comprising 40-odd members? What are its objectives? Reference

 

InstaLinks:

Prelims Link:

  1. About UNSC.
  2. Members.
  3. Election.
  4. Functions.
  5. About the UNSC Presidency.
  6. About the UN Charter.

Mains Link:

Discuss the need for reforms in UNSC.

Sources: the Hindu.