QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC , 12 June 2021 – Polity

Solution: d)

The Constitution provides a scheme for demarcation of powers through three ‘lists’ in the seventh schedule. But, the Constitution also provides primacy to Parliament on concurrent list items: if there is a conflict, a central law will override a state law, i.e. the provisions of the state law will not take effect.

There is no provision of the intervention of either the SC or the Governor in case this is an ordinary matter. If there are constitutional issues involved in the passing of a law, the Supreme court may participate, but the only to ensure the validity of the law, and not to say that the state law reigns over the Central law (which would be unconstitutional).

Solution: c)

The constitution states that “Subject to the other provisions, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.”

• Article 302 gives Parliament the power to restrict free trade between and within states on grounds of public interest.

Article 303 (a) then imposes a most-favoured nation type obligation on both Parliament and state legislatures; that is no law or Regulation powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce can give arbitrary preference to one state over another.

Solution: b)

Law Reform in the ancient period was ad hoc and not institutionalised.

However, since the third decade of the nineteenth century, Law Commissions were constituted by the Government from time to time.

• The first law commission was established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833.
• Thereafter, the second, third and fourth Law Commissions were constituted in 1853, 1861 and 1879 respectively helped adapt English Laws to Indian conditions.
• The First Law Commission of Independent India in 1955 with the then Attorney-General of India, Mr. M. C. Setalvad, as its Chairman.

Solution: a)

Statement 1: They have similar privileges and perks as that of a SC judge of India.

Statement 2:  It is six years.

Statement 3:  The Election Commission may be by unanimous decision, regulate the procedure for transaction of to business as also allocation of its business amongst the Chief Election Commissioner and their Election Commissioners.

Solution: b)

The Chairman is elected by the council itself from amongst its members.

As a presiding officer, the powers and functions of the Chairman in the council are similar to those of the Speaker in the assembly.

As in the case of the Speaker, the salaries and allowances of the Chairman are also fixed by the state legislature. They are charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State and thus are not subject to the annual vote of the state legislature.