Insta–DART (Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test) 12 June 2021

Passage 01-

Learning is inseparable from its social and cultural context. Students learn best when they feel accepted, when they enjoy positive relationships with their fellow students and teachers, and when they are able to be active, visible members of the learning community. Effective teachers Foster positive relationships within environments that are caring, inclusive,non-discriminatory and cohesive. Students learn most-effectively when they understand what they are learning, why they are learning it, and how they will be able to use their new learning. Effective teachers stimulate the curiosity of their students, require them to search for relevant information and ideas, and challenge them to use or apply what they discover in new contexts or in new ways. They look for opportunities to involve students directly in decisions relating to their own learning. This encourages them to see what they are doing as relevant and to take greater ownership of their own learning.

On the basis of the passage, the following assumptions have been made regarding the factors that improve the relevance of new learning:

1. A teacher who encourages the inquisitiveness of his pupils and ask them to relate the information learnt to other situations.

2. The students understand the what, where and how of the subject.

3. Students have good relations with their teachers and fellow pupils

Which of the above assumptions are valid?

Learning is inseparable from its social and cultural context. Students learn best when they feel accepted, when they enjoy positive relationships with their fellow students and teachers, and when they are able to be active, visible members of the learning community. Effective teachers Foster positive relationships within environments that are caring, inclusive,non-discriminatory and cohesive. Students learn most-effectively when they understand what they are learning, why they are learning it, and how they will be able to use their new learning. Effective teachers stimulate the curiosity of their students, require them to search for relevant information and ideas, and challenge them to use or apply what they discover in new contexts or in new ways. They look for opportunities to involve students directly in decisions relating to their own learning. This encourages them to see what they are doing as relevant and to take greater ownership of their own learning.

On the basis of the passage, the following assumptions have been made:

1. Students learn most effectively when they takegreater ownership of their own learning.
2. Learning of new material is better if the students areisolated from their society and culture.

Which of the above assumption(s) is/are valid?

Design courses should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Non-verbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, which is the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail hard thinking, non-verbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.

On the basis of the passage, the following assumptions-regarding the reasons for the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record as being paradoxical have been made:

1. Engineering students were not trained to make the type of drawings needed to record the development of their own discipline.

2. The drawings needed were so complicated that even-students in architectural schools had difficulty in making them.

3. College students were qualified to make the drawings while practicing engineers were not.

Which of the above assumption(s) is/are valid?

Technical progression at global scale has put more pressure on developing countries to improve their infrastructure and progress in other important areas for prosperity. In various news report and documents it is demonstrated that the guidelines to recognise a city as the smart city will be prepared by the department of industrial policy and promotion. The standards for being recognised as a smart city must have three of the five infrastructure requirements such as energy management, water management, transport and travel, safety and security and solid waste management.

Which of the following is the most crucial and logicalinference that can be made from the above passage?

Poverty can be defined as a social phenomenon in which a section of the society is unable to fulfil even its basic necessities of life. The problem of poverty is considered as the biggest challenge to development planning in India. High poverty levels are synonymous with poor quality of life, deprivation, malnutrition, illiteracy and low human resource development. There are two basic pre-requisites of a poverty eradication programmes. First, reorientation of the agricultural relations so that the ownership of land is shared by a larger section of the society. Second, no programme of removal of poverty can succeed in an economy plagued by inflation and spiral in rise of price.

What critical inference one can draw from the reading of the above passage?