Insta–DART (Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test) 5 June 2021

Passage 1

Illiteracy can bring down even the most powerful nations, so if we are to become a developed nation, the government should first remove the problem of illiteracy by introducing effective programmes with proper implementation and budget. It is ironical that even today, our leaders and people’s representatives give literacy a very low priority. They fail to perceive literacy as part of the development process, as an endeavour to improve the quality of life, as the process of building awareness among the weaker sections, as part of the democratisation of political power, as the arrangement to give their due, to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. Neglecting the issue of illiteracy can hurt the development of India very badly.

Q1. On the basis of the above passage, the following-assumptions have been made:

1. Very low priority to illiteracy cannot hurt the development of India.

2. By increasing rate of literacy effective development process can be initiated.

3. Literacy can bring changes in people’s life by improving the quality of life.

4. Literacy cannot bridge the gap between rich and the poor

Which of the assumptions is/are valid?

Passage 2

Ninety-seven per cent of the water on the Earth is salt water. Only three per cent is fresh water, slightly over two-thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice. The remaining unfrozen fresh water is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air. Fresh water is a renewable resource, yet the world’s supply of clean, fresh water is steadily decreasing. Water demand already exceeds supply in many parts of the world and as the worldpopulation continues to rise, so does the water demand. Awareness of the global importance of preserving water for ecosystem service has only recently emerged.

Which one of the following is most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage?

Passage 3

Giving away toys with meals that are calorie laden but of poor nutritional quality creates an emotional attachment between the child and fast food. This bond will then follow that child into adulthood, making it harder for it to make better nutritional choices in order to become a healthy individual. A ban on such marketing gimmicks would break that bond and make it easier for children to grow up to be healthier adults.

Q3. On the basis of the passage, the following assumptions have been made

1. Advertising directed towards children can encourage poor habits even during adulthood,
2. Advertising directed towards children is ethical because they purchase goods with their parent’s money
3. Putting restriction on children by an authoritarianforce is a cultural issue.
4. Children cannot critically engage with advertisingbut this reverses when they grow up.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

Passage 4

The Right to Privacy refers to the concept that one’s personal information is protected from public scrutiny. The Right to Privacy most often is protected by statutory law. It enforces the Right to Privacy in various privacy policies and privacy statements. The Right to Privacy often must be balanced against the state’s compelling interests, including the promotion of public safety and improving the quality of life. And while many citizens are quite aware that the government collects personal information, most say that government surveillance is acceptable. It would be desirable that the privacy of the individual should receive the added protection of the criminal law, but for this, legislation would be required

Q4. On the basis of the passage, the following assumptionshave been made regarding the Right to Privacy:

1. It must be protected by statutoryIawsunder all conditions.
2. It must be protected by statutory law except when itviolates public safety or deteriorates quality of life.
3. It must be protected from criminal law so that theill effects of criminal law do not endanger it.
4. It should not apply to convicted criminal

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

Passage 5

In the context of globalisation, tariff policy becomes important for agricultural commodities. In other words, it is important to monitor export, imports, global supply and demand and fix tariffs accordingly. There is a need to balance between producer prices and consumer prices by careful calibration of minimum support prices and tariff policy (import duties). Both price and non price factors are important in raising agricultural production.

Q5. Which of the following is the most logical, rationaland critical inference that can be made from the above passage?