QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC , 26 May 2021 – History

Solution: a)

• The East India Association was organised by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 in London to discuss the Indian question and influence public men in England to promote Indian welfare. Later, branches of the association were started in prominent Indian cities.

The Bangabhasha Prakasika Sabha was formed in 1836 by associates of Raja Rammohan Roy.

• The Indian League was started in 1875 by Sisir Kumar Ghosh with the object of “stimulating the sense of nationalism amongst the people” and of encouraging political education.
• The Indian Association of Calcutta (also known as the Indian National Association) superseded the Indian League and was founded in 1876 by younger nationalists of Bengal led by Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose.

Solution: c)

One of Kolkata’s historical monuments, Fort William was built during the time of the Bengal Presidency. Named after William III, the fort sits on the banks of the Hooghly River and was at the centre of the Battle of Plassey fought between the British and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah. It is also the site of an infamous dungeon called the Black Hole of Calcutta (the city of Kolkata was erstwhile known as Calcutta).

Solution: d)

Lala Lajpat Rai

1. Rai is remembered for his role during the Swadeshi movement and for his advocacy of education.
2. He became a follower of Dayanand Saraswati, the founder of Arya Samaj and went on to become one of the society’s leaders.
3. He also helped found the Punjab National Bank.
4. In 1885, Rai established the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School in Lahore and remained a committed educationist throughout his life.
5. Rai, Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal (called Lal-Bal-Pal) fervently advocated the use of Swadeshi goods and mass agitation in the aftermath of the controversial Partition of Bengal in 1905 by Lord Curzon.
6. He founded the Indian Home Rule League of America in New York City in 1917.
7. He was elected President of the Indian National Congress during its Special Session in Kolkata in 1920, which saw the launch of Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-cooperation Movement.
8. The patriot died at Lahore in 1928 after he was attacked by police during a protest rally against the Simon Commission.

9. His important works include: ‘The Arya Samaj’, ‘Young India’, ‘England’s Debt to India’, ‘Evolution of Japan’, ‘India’s Will to Freedom’, ‘Message of the Bhagwad Gita’, ‘Political Future of India’, ‘Problem of National Education in India’, ‘The Depressed Glasses’, and the travelogue ‘United States of America’.

Solution: d)

The Nehru Report confined itself to British India, as it envisaged the future link-up of British India with the princely states on a federal basis. For the dominion it recommended:

1. Dominion status on lines of self-governing dominions as the form of government desired by Indians.
2. Rejection of separate electorates which had been the basis of constitutional reforms so far; instead, a demand for joint electorates with reservation of seats for Muslims.
3. Linguistic provinces.
4. Nineteen fundamental rights including equal rights for women, right to form unions, and universal adult suffrage.
5. Responsible government at the centre and in pro­vinces.
6. Full protection to cultural and religious interests of Muslims.
7. Complete dissociation of state from religion.

Solution: d)

Individual Satyagraha:-

• The Individual Satyagraha was not to seek independence but to affirm the right of speech.
• The non-violence was set as the center-piece of Individual Satyagraha. This was done by carefully selecting the Satyagrahis.
• The first Satyagrahi selected was Acharya Vinoba Bhave, who was sent to Jail when he spoke against the war.
• Second Satyagrahi was Jawahar Lal Nehru.

Aims of Individual Satyagraha:-

• To show that nationalist patience was not due to weakness.
• To express people’s feeling that they are not interested in the war and that they made distinction between Nazism and double autocracy that ruled in India.
• To give another opportunity to the Government to accept congress demands peacefully. The demand of the Satyagrahi would be the freedom of Speech against the war through an anti-war declaration. If government did not arrest the Satyagrahi, he or she will move repeating it in villages and start march towards Delhi (Delhi Chalo Movement)