QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC , 27 April 2021 – Science and Technology

Solution: c)

Common ailments like cold, influenza (flu) and most coughs are caused by viruses. SARS, polio and chicken pox are also caused by viruses.

Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by protozoans whereas typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are bacterial diseases.

Solution: c)

Solution: a)

What are Total Polar Compounds (TPC)?

In many countries, TPC is used to measure the quality of cooking oil. The level of TPC increases every time oil is re-heated.

Higher level of TPC in cooking oil leads to health issues like hypertension, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and liver disease. One of the studies also noticed high levels of glucose, creatinine and cholesterol with declined levels of protein and albumin in cooking oil.

According to FSSAI regulations, the maximum permissible limits for Total Polar Compounds (TPC) have been set at 25%, beyond which the cooking oil is unsafe for consumption.

Solution: d)

A rare disease, also referred to as an orphan disease, is any disease that affects a small percentage of the population. While there is no universally accepted definition of rare diseases, countries typically arrive at their own descriptions, taking into consideration disease prevalence, its severity and the existence of alternative therapeutic options.

Characteristics:

• Rare diseases are characterised by a wide diversity of symptoms and signs that vary not only from disease to disease but also from patient to patient suffering from the same disease. Relatively common symptoms can hide underlying rare diseases, leading to misdiagnosis.
• The most common rare diseases recorded in India are Haemophilia, Thalassemia, sickle-cell anaemia and primary immuno deficiency in children, auto-immune diseases, Lysosomal storage disorders such as Pompe disease, Hirschsprung disease, Gaucher’s disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Hemangiomas and certain forms of muscular dystrophies.

Solution: a)

Anthrax causes a fatal blood disease called sorter’s disease.

Aspergillus causes pulmonary and blood infections.

The well-known Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi.

Clostridium Botulinum toxin attacks the nervous system of the affected individual and causes trouble in respiration, swallowing, speaking, vision and causes overall physical weakness.