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General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article talks about revisiting India’s role and the message from Bangladesh Liberation War, five decades down the lane.
Key Demand of the question:
Discuss in what way the creation of Bangladesh from the East Pakistan is India’s one of the supreme foreign policy conquest.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with brief background of the question.
Body:
Discuss first the nuances of Bangladesh Liberation War through Indian lens – talk about role played by Indira Gandhi, India acted with extreme circumspection and did not give in to rising clamor for any kind of premature military intervention in East Pakistan. The trigger: It was to adhere to this position till Pakistan declared war on India in December 1971. Diplomatic success in creating global sentiments in support of India. Overcoming opposition from the west etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude that India’s achievement in enabling the people of East Pakistan to carve out a separate destiny for them and achieve full freedom from Pakistan is an example of what can be achieved when political, diplomatic, and military, intelligence, and civil segments act in a coordinated manner under a firm and far-sighted political leadership.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
2. Account for the implications of U.S.-India Climate and Clean Energy Partnership. (250 words)
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article talks about the green partnership between India and US.
Key Demand of the question:
Discuss in detail the India-US Clean Energy Agenda 2030 Partnership and present its implications.
Directive:
Account – Weigh up to what extent something is true. Persuade the reader of your argument by citing relevant research but also remember to point out any flaws and counter- arguments as well. Conclude by stating clearly how far you are in agreement with the original proposition.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
The Prime Minister of India announced that India and the U.S. were launching an energy and climate partnership during the Leaders’ Summit on Climate.
Body:
“India-U.S. climate and clean energy agenda 2030 partnership” will help mobilize investments, demonstrate clean technologies, and enable green collaborations. The partnership will proceed along two main tracks which will build on and subsume a range of existing processes: the strategic clean energy partnership and the climate action, finance mobilisation dialogue etc.
Discuss the importance of it to India.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
3. Explain the significance of blue economy for India. (250 words)
Reference: Business Standard
Why the question:
The Chief of Naval Staff has recently highlighted the role of the Indian Navy in supporting and safeguarding the blue economy. Thus the question.
Key Demand of the question:
One is
Directive:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with basic definition of Blue economy.
Body:
Explain the importance of Blue Economy; Contribute to food security, poverty alleviation, Mitigation and resilience to the impacts of climate change, Enhanced trade and investment, Enhanced maritime connectivity. Explain these points in detail.
Then discuss the means and methods to augment this blue economy.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Reference: indiaeducationdiary.in
Why the question:
A Swarnajayanti Fellow of the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India, will unravel the fundamental properties of massive neutrinos and explore the interesting signals of new physics in upcoming high-precision neutrino oscillation experiments.
Key Demand of the question:
Discuss its importance and challenges before India in realizing the goals associated with Indian Neutrino Observatory.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with brief background of INO.
Body:
The answer body must have the following aspects covered:
Talk about Neutrinos first, their key features; Neutrinos are electrically neutral, elementary weakly interacting subatomic particles with half-integer spin. They belong to the lepton family. Neutrinos were first proposed by Swiss scientist Wolfgang Pauli, are the second most widely occurring particle in the universe, only second to photons, the particle which makes up light.
Then move on to present the importance of INO; largest experimental facility – It will facilitate the development of cutting-edge technology and build sophisticated instruments. Will tell us more about the properties of neutrino particles, whose main source is the Sun and the Earth’s atmosphere. Help in developing a model of physics beyond the so-called Standard Model of Particle Physics. Understanding neutrinos could help in detection of oil and mineral deposits etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with importance.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The French National Assembly recently approved the creation of an “ecocide” offence as part of a battery of measures aimed at protecting the environment and tackling climate change. Thus the question.
Key Demand of the question:
Discuss in detail the concept of ecocide and its significance while analyzing why a criminal law on ecocide in needed and is important.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with the definition of ecocide.
Body:
Ecocide is the extensive damage to, destruction of or loss of ecosystem(s) of a given territory, whether by human agency or by other causes, to such an extent that peaceful enjoyment by the inhabitants of that territory has been severely diminished.
Then move on to explain why we need a criminal law on ecocide – Given that ecocide is currently only considered a war crime under Rome Statute, only environmental damage in times of war can be prosecuted. Corporate and state criminal responsibility is also excluded under the Rome Statute.
Explain that International environmental law also lacks frameworks to deal with mass environmental damage and destruction etc.
Then discuss the challenges associated and suggest way forward.
Conclusion:
Conclude that whether it is recognized as a crime or not, ecocide has proved to be a powerful idea and has crystallized a concept that often gets lost in discussions of policy and technology.
Topic: GS-2: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
GS-3: Issues like trans-fat, colisitin, omega – fatty acids etc.
Reference: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Why the question:
The question is based on the topic of issues related to trans-fats.
Key Demand of the question:
Discuss why Trans-fats are not good for health and discuss the problems associated with it.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with the definition of Trans-fats.
Body:
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) or Trans fats are the most harmful type of fats which can have much more adverse effects on our body than any other dietary constituent. These fats are largely produced artificially but a small amount also occurs naturally. Thus in our diet, these may be present as Artificial TFAs and/ or Natural TFAs.
Discuss the harmful effects of it – TFAs pose a higher risk of heart disease than saturated fats. While saturated fats raise total cholesterol levels, TFAs not only raise total cholesterol levels but also reduce the good cholesterol (HDL), which helps to protect us against heart disease. Trans- fats consumption increases the risk of developing heart disease and stroke. It is also associated with a higher risk of developing obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, infertility, certain types of cancers and can also lead to compromised fetal development causing harm to the yet to be born baby.
Conclusion:
Conclude with solution to address the issue.
Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money laundering and its prevention.
Reference: Business Standard
Why the question:
The article explains us the importance of Game Theory as a concept and its possible application to Cyber-attacks.
Key Demand of the question:
One is expected to discuss the concept of Game Theory and its possibility of being used to address cyber threats and attacks.
Directive:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with what you understand by Game Theory.
Body:
Game theory is the science of strategy. It is the study of rational behavior in situations involving Interdependence means that any player is affected by what others do and his actions must depend on the prediction of others responses.
Discuss the significance of Game Theory in neutralizing the Cold War and Nuclearization in the past.
Then explain the factors that make cyber-attacks dangerous. And in what way Game theory can be applied to address it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
