DAY – 9(InstaTest-9): Insta 70 Days Revision Plan-2021: Topic – GEOGRAPHY, Subject-wise Test 5, 6, 20 Revision , Textbook-wise Tests 7 , June & July 2020 CA Revision

Solution: D

The reasons that can be attributed to the frequent landslides and debris avalanches in Himalayan region are

(i) The Himalayas are tectonically active. Thus, tectonically unstable. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

(ii) They are mostly made up of sedimentary rocks and unconsolidated
and semi-consolidated deposits. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

(iii) The slopes are very steep. Hence, statement 3 is correct

Solution: B

Solution: B

Solution: B

The black soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

Black soil is important for growing of crops like cotton and sugarcane. Laterite soil is more suited to grow plantation crop. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Saline soils are also known as Usara soils. Saline soils contain a larger proportion of sodium, potassium and magnesium, and thus, they are infertile, and do not support any vegetative growth. They have more salts, largely because of dry climate and poor drainage. They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Solution: D

The Almatti Dam is a hydroelectric project on the Krishna River in North Karnataka, India which was completed in July 2005. Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched.

Salal Dam, also known as Salal Hydroelectric Power Station, is a run-of-the-river power project on the Chenab River in the Reasi district of the union territory of  Jammu and Kashmir. Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a gravity dam on the Narmada river near Navagam, Gujarat in India. Four Indian states, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra and Rajasthan, receive water and electricity supplied from the dam. Hence, pair 3 is correctly matched.

Solution: C

Both the statements are correct.

The islands of the Arabian sea include Lakshadweep and Minicoy. These are scattered between 8°N-12°N and 71°E -74°E longitude. These islands are located at a distance of 280 km-480 km off the Kerala coast. The entire island group is built of coral deposits. There are approximately 36 islands of which 11 are inhabited.

Minicoy is the largest island with an area of 453 sq. km. The entire group of islands is broadly divided by the Eleventh degree channel, north of which is the Amini Island and to the south of the Canannore Island.

Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon, island country lying in theIndian Ocean and separated from peninsular India by the Palk Strait.

Solution: D

The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that starts and flows through the state of Karnataka during most of its course, before flowing along the border between Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and ultimately joining the Krishna River.

The Koyna River is a tributary of the Krishna River which originates in Mahableshwar, Satara district, western Maharashtra, India.

Musi River is a tributary of the Krishna River in the Deccan Plateau flowing through Telangana state in India. Hyderabad stands on the banks of Musi river, which divides the historic old city and the new city.

Sabari River is one of the main tributaries of Godavari. It originates from the western slopes of Eastern Ghats in Odisha state from Sinkaram hill ranges at 1370 m MSL. It is also known as Kolab river in Odisha.

Solution: A

STARS project:

• Cabinet approves Rs. 5718 crore World Bank aided project STARS.
• STARS stands for Strengthening Teaching-Learning and Results for States Program (STARS).
• It is a project to improve the quality and governance of school education in six Indian states.
• Six states are- Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Rajasthan.
• Some 250 million students (between the age of 6 and 17) in 1.5 million schools, and over 10 million teachers will benefit from the program.

Solution: C

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA):

• Set up as the world’s “Atoms for Peace”organization in 1957 within the United Nations family.
• Reports toboth the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council.
• Headquartersin Vienna, Austria.

Functions:

• Works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies.
• Seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

Functions:

• Recommendations to the General Conference on IAEA activities and budget.
• Responsible for publishing IAEA standards.
• Responsible for making most of the policy of the IAEA.
• Appoints the Director General subject to General Conference approval.

Programs:

• Program of Action for Cancer Therapy (PACT).
• Human Health Program.
• Water Availability Enhancement Project.
• International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles, 2000.

India has become the 35th country to join the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Response and Assistance Network (RANET), a group of states which offer assistance to mitigate the consequences of nuclear or radiological emergencies.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank established on 19 December 1966, which is headquartered in the Ortigas Center located in the city of Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines. The company also maintains 31 field offices around the world to promote social and economic development in Asia. Japan and the United States each holds the largest proportion of shares at 15.571%. China holds 6.429%, India holds 6.317%, and Australia holds 5.773%.

The RCEP is a proposed trade agreement between the 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries and their six free trade agreement partners, namely Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea, and New Zealand.

Solution: B

The Sentinelese, also known as the Sentineli and the North Sentinel Islanders, are an indigenous people who inhabit North Sentinel Island in Andaman and Nicobar Islands froup in the Bay of Bengal in India. They are considered one of the world’s last uncontacted peoples. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

Irula are a Dravidian ethnic group inhabiting the area of the Nilgiri mountains, in the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, India. A scheduled tribe, their population in this region is estimated at 25,000 people. People of Irula ethnicity are called Irular, and speak Irula, which belongs to the Dravidian family. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The Gaddis are a tribe living mainly in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Solution: D

Solution: D

Solution: C

Shipki La is a mountain pass and border post on the India-China border. The river Sutlej, which is called Langqên Zangbo in Tibet, enters India near this pass. The road is an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.

Niti Pass is an international high mountain pass at an elevation of 5.070m (16,633ft) connecting Uttarakhand, a state in the northern part of India and southern Tibet, an autonomous region of the People’s Republic of China.

Nathu La is a mountain pass in the Himalayas in East Sikkim district. It connects the Indian state of Sikkim with China’s Tibet Autonomous Region. The pass, at 4,310 m above mean sea level, forms a part of an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.

Mana Pass is a mountain pass in the Uttarakhand Himalayas on the border between India and Tibet.

Solution: C

The phenomenon associated with the monsoon is its tendency to have ‘breaks’ in rainfall. Thus, it has wet and dry spells. In other words, the monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time. They are interspersed with rainless intervals. These breaks in monsoon are related to the movement of the monsoon trough. For various reasons, the trough and its axis keep on moving northward or southward, which determines the spatial distribution of rainfall.

When the axis of the monsoon trough lies over the plains, rainfall is good in these parts. On the other hand, whenever the axis shifts closer to the Himalayas, there are longer dry spells in the plains, and widespread rain occur in the mountainous catchment areas of the Himalayan rivers. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

During October-November, with the apparent movement of the sun towards the south, the monsoon trough or the low-pressure trough over the northern plains becomes weaker. This is gradually replaced by a high-pressure system. The south-west monsoon winds weaken and start withdrawing gradually. By the beginning of October, the monsoon withdraws from the Northern Plains.  Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Solution: C

Both the statements are correct.

Tamil Nadu coast remains dry during monsoon season.
There are two factors responsible for it:

(i) The Tamil Nadu coast is situated parallel to the Bay of Bengal branch of
southwest monsoon.

(ii) It lies in the rain shadow area of the Arabian Sea branch of the south-west
monsoon.

Solution: B

Gombeyatta is the traditional puppet show of Karnataka. They are styled and designed on the various characters of the Yakshagana theatres.

Tholu Bommalata is the shadow theatre of Andhra Pradesh. The show is accompanied by a classical background in the music and themed around mythological and devotional tales of the epics and Puranas. The puppets are larger in size and coloured on both sides

Ravanchhaya is the most theatrical of shadow puppetry and is a popular form of entertainment in the Odisha region. The puppets are made of deer skin and depict bold, dramatic postures. They do not have any joints attached to them, making it a more complex art.

Source: Yojana August 2020

Solution: D

Hindustani music: practiced in the northern parts of India. The Hindustani branch of music focuses more on the musical structure and the possibilities of improvisation in it. The Hindustani branch adopted a scale of Shudha Swara Saptaka or the ‘Octave of Natural notes.

There are ten main styles of singing in Hindustani music like the ‘Dhrupad’, ‘Dhamar’, ‘Hori’, ‘Khayal’, ‘Tappa’, ‘Chaturang’, ‘Ragasagar’, ‘Tarana’, ‘Sargam’ and ‘Thumri’.

Source: Yojana August 2020

Solution: A

Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. The origin of the word “bamboo” is uncertain, but it probably comes from the Dutch or Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay or Kannada

The flowering of bamboo every 50-55 years leads to dramatic increase in the population of rats that destroy crops triggering famine, also called Mautam.

Solution: C

In the 3rd century BCE Indian rock-cut architecture began to develop, starting with the already highly sophisticated and state-sponsored Barabar caves in Bihar, personally dedicated by Ashoka circa 250 BCE.

Ajanta caves: The caves depict a large number of incidents from the life of the Buddha (Jataka Tales). Cave number one contains wall frescos that include two great Bodhisattvas, Padmapani and Avalokiteshvara.

The Kailash Temple was created through a single, huge top-down excavation 100 feet deep down into the volcanic basaltic cliff rock. It was commissioned in the 8th century by King Krishna I and took more than 100 years to complete.

Source: Yojana August 2020

Solution: A

 Ambubachi festival:

• In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, the annual Ambubachi Melaof Assam has been cancelled
• The festival symbolises the fertility cult of goddess Kamakhya.
• There is no idol in the temple, the goddess is worshipped in the form of a yoni-like stone over which a natural spring flows.
• Also known as Siddha Kubjika, the goddess is a Hindu tantric goddess of desire who evolved in the Himalayan hills. She is also identified as Kali and Maha Tripura.
• The festival is also known as ‘Mahakumbh of the East’ as it draws lakhs of devotees from all over the world.

Ashadhi-beej festival is celebrated mainly at two places in India – VishvaNath temple in Varanasi, UP and Mulesh Mahadev in Umreth, Gujarat. Other then these Kutchi people all around the world celebrate this day at their level best. As for people of Kutch, this day is associated with beginning of rains in Kutch, Gujarat. Kutch is largely a desert area therefore people living valuate rain very much.

Ahuna Festival:

The Ahuna Festival is a popular observance in the state of Nagaland located in the north-eastern region of India. It is mainly celebrated by the Sumi Tribe hailing from Nagaland and is customarily observed in Dimapur, located in the same state.

It is a post-harvest festival, which denotes the celebration of the spirit of togetherness, unity, with great zeal and enthusiasm every year.

Solution: B

‘Improving Heritage Management in India’ Report:

‘Improving Heritage Management in India’ Report is released by NITI Aayog. The Centre and state governments should leverage India’s massive network of heritage sites as a tool for development and employment generation by providing improved services to domestic and international tourists through public-private-partnership, a NITI Aayog report suggested. It said that each Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) site should be a profit centre.

Solution: C

Social stock exchange (SSE):

• It a novel concept in India and such a bourse is meant to serve private and non-profit sector providers by channelling greater capital to them.
• As per the proposal, SSE can be housed within the existing stock exchange such as the BSE and/or National Stock Exchange (NSE).
• The aim of the initiative is to help social and voluntary organisationswhich work for social causes to raise capital as equity or debt or a unit of mutual fund.
• This will help the SSE leverage the existing infrastructure and client relationships of the exchanges to onboard investors, donors, and social enterprises (for-profit and non-profit).
• It works under the market regulator SEBI.

Solution: B

Rongkhli or Tiger Festival is a religious festival celebrated by the people of Nongtalang village in the War-Jaintia region of Meghalaya. The War-Jaintias lives on the slopes of the west Jaintia hills district bordering Bangladesh

Like all other sub-tribes of the Khasis, the War-Jaintias too believe that they came to this earth from the sky through a golden ladder that was located at one point of time at Sohpetbneng mountain top in the northern part of the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya

Source: Yojana August 2020

Solution: D

UNESCO established Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.

Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

Solution: C

Kalaripayattu, also known simply as Kalari, is an Indian martial art that originated in modern-day Kerala, a state on the southwestern coast of India. Kalaripayattu is known for its long-standing history within Indian martial arts. It is believed to be the oldest surviving martial art in India, with a history spanning over 3,000 years. Hence Statement 1 is incorrect.

Kalaripayattu is mentioned in the Vadakkan Pattukal, a collection of ballads written about the Chekavar of the Malabar region of Kerala. Kalaripayattu is a martial art designed for the ancient battlefield (the word “Kalari” meaning “battlefield”), with weapons and combative techniques that are unique to India.

Silambam is a weapon-based Indian martial art from Tamil Nadu. Every states has it own style of martial arts. A wide variety of weapons are used in silamban, some of which are not found anywhere else in the world.

Silambam art also used animal movements of snake, tiger, eagle forms and footwork patterns is play a key role here as well. Another part of Silambam is Kuttu varisai, it is the unarmed kind of martial art.

Pari-khandaa style of sword and shield fighting from Bihar. This art is created by the rajputs. Pari-khanda steps and techniques are also used in Chau dance.

Source: Yojana August 2020

http://www.walkthroughindia.com/sports/8-different-forms-of-martial-arts-in-india/

Solution: B

Let the ages of father and son 10 years ago be 3x and x years respectively.
Now, it‘s given that ten years from now, father’s age will be twice that of his son.
Thus, (3x + 10) + 10 = 2[(x + 10) + 10]
or 3x + 20 = 2x + 40
or x = 20.
Therefore, required ratio = (3x + 10) : (x + 10) = 70 : 30 = 7 : 3.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

Solution: A

Let the present ages of Sameer and Anand be 5x years and 4x years respectively.
Then (5x +3)/(4x+3)= 11/9

By solving the equation, we get x=6.
Therefore, Anand’s present age= 4x= 24.

Hence, option(a) is correct.

Solution: D

Total matches played = 25

Matches won = 17

Therefore, Matches lost = 25 – 17 = 8
Required Ratio = Matches won : Matches lost = 17 : 8
Hence, option (d) is correct.

Solution: A

Let the share of a man, a woman and a boy be 7x, 4x and 3x respectively.
Then the share of 4 men = 4 × 7x = 28x
The share of 5 women = 5 × 4x = 20x
And, the share of 2 boys = 2 × 3x = 6x
Now, Total money = 28x + 20x + 6x = 4536
Or 54x = 4536
Or x = 4536/54 = 84
Hence, the share of one woman = 4x = 4 × 84 = Rs 336

Hence, option (a) is correct.

Ans. B.

A is also a logical inference, however it is not the most accurate as the focus of the passage is on explaining that super specialists are unable to look beyond their immediate field of interest which means that they end up developing tunnel vision. Hence B is the most accurate answer.