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Critically analyse the growing fissures and challenges to the unipolar global order led by the US.

Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

1. Critically analyse the growing fissures and challenges to the unipolar global order led by the US. (250 words)

Reference:  The Hindu

Why the question:

The article presents an analysis on growing fissures and challenges to the unipolar global order led by the US.

Key Demand of the question:

Comment on the changing global order and analyse the challenges of unipolar global order led by the US.

Directive:

Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start with brief history of power-centric global order.

 Body:  

From the Renaissance period onwards (14th-15th century) – an era of Eurocentrism: Europe began its hegemonic ambitions through trade and commerce, taking almost 500 years to colonize.

 Post-colonial phase: Pax Britannica gave way to Pax Americana: American ascendency began after the end of British imperialism in the aftermath of the Suez Crisis (1956). Defining third world aspirations: Bandung Conference of 1955 set the schema for the rise of Asia, politically and economically.

Then present an overview of widening fissures in the present global order- talk about Trumpism and far-right ultra-nationalism, Rising scepticism on China, Rising threat of military conflict, Unquestionable capabilities of the rising economies.

Conclusion:

Conclude that a kind of dualism persists in the world order with no clear hegemony that can be bestowed on one single nation. Global power gradually extends across many countries.