INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 16 April 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Recently, The United Nations Population Fund’s (UNFPA) Flagship State of World Population Report 2021 titled ‘My Body is My Own’ was launched.
• This is the first time a United Nations report has focused on bodily autonomy.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/unfpas-population-report/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S4 and S5: the Collegium also recommends the transfer of Chief Justices and other judges. Article 222 of the Constitution provides for the transfer of a judge from one High Court to another. When a CJ is transferred, a replacement must also be simultaneously found for the High Court concerned. There can be an acting CJ in a High Court for not more than a month. In matters of transfers, the opinion of the CJI “is determinative”, and the consent of the judge concerned is not required. However, the CJI should take into account the views of the CJ of the High Court concerned and the views of one or more SC judges who are in a position to do so. All transfers must be made in the public interest, that is, “for the betterment of the administration of justice”.
• S3: High Court judges are recommended by a Collegium comprising the CJI and two senior-most judges.
• S2: The Second Judges Case (1993) introduced the Collegium system, holding that “consultation” really meant “concurrence”. It added that it was not the CJI’s individual opinion, but an institutional opinion formed in consultation with the two senior-most judges in the Supreme Court.
• S1: The Collegium of judges is the Supreme Court’s invention. It does not figure in the Constitution, which says judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the President and speaks of a process of consultation. In effect, it is a system under which judges are appointed by an institution comprising judges.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/centre-to-push-judges-appointments/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• S3: Anyone who is applying for OCI card should hold a valid Passport of another country.
  • Individuals who do not have citizenship of any other country are not eligible to gain an OCI status.
  • Individuals whose parents or grandparents hold citizenship of Pakistan and Bangladesh are not eligible to apply.
• S2: People of Indian origin and the Indian diaspora having Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) cards will not have to carry their old, expired passports for travel to India, as was required earlier, according to a government notification.
• S1: Government of India launched the ‘Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) Scheme’ by making amendments to Citizenship Act, 1955 in 2005.
  • On 09 January 2015, the Government of India discontinued the PIO card and merged it with OCI card.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/overseas-citizens-of-india-oci-3/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: What is the NSAC?

• Constituted by the ‘Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
• Its role is to advise the Government on measures needed to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country to drive sustainable economic growth and generate large scale employment opportunities.
• The National Startup Advisory Council will be chaired by the Minster for Commerce & Industry.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/national-startup-advisory-council-2/

Ans: (c)
Explanation: What is e-visa?

• The e-Visa enables the prospective visitor to apply for an Indian Visa from his/her home country online without visiting the Indian Mission and also pay the visa fee online. Once approved, the applicant receives an email authorizing him/her to travel to India and he/she can travel with a print out of this authorisation. On arrival, the visitor has to present the authorisation to the immigration authorities who would then stamp the entry into the country.
• An e-visa is provided in five categories — tourist, business, conference, medical, and medical attendant.
• Under the arrangement, a foreigner can apply online four days prior to travel.
• After the details are verified, an electronic travel authorisation (ETA) is generated, which has to be presented at the immigration checkpost on arrival.
• Entry through e-visas is allowed only at 28 designated international airports and five major seaports in India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/india-restores-e-visa-for-156-countries/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial body of the UN. Established in 1946 to replace the Permanent Court of International Justice, the ICJ mainly operates under the statute of its predecessor, which is included in the UN Charter.
• It has two primary functions: to settle legal disputes submitted by States in accordance with established international laws, and to act as an advisory board on issues submitted to it by authorized international organizations.
• Members of the Court:
• The International Court of Justice is composed of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council. These organs vote simultaneously but separately. In order to be elected, a candidate must receive an absolute majority of the votes in both bodies. In order to ensure a measure of continuity, one third of the Court is elected every three years. Judges are eligible for re-election.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/kulbhushan-jadhav-case/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace:

• Microsoft president Brad Smith has urged India and the U.S. to join the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace that now has 75 countries on board to deal with new cybersecurity threats facing the world.
• The Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace is a nonbinding declaration.
• It calls for states, the private sector, and civil society organizations to work together to promote security in cyberspace, counter disinformation, and address new threats endangering citizens and infrastructure.
• The Paris Call was sent in 2018 by the President of the French Republic, Emmanuel Macron, during the Internet Governance Forum held at UNESCO and the Paris Peace Forum.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/16/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-16-april-2021/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Rupi Bhaba Wildlife sanctuary lies on the left bank of River Satluj in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh.
• Why in News?
  • Himalayan serows has been spotted in the Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary, and in the higher reaches of Chamba.

Refer: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/its-a-goat-its-a-pig-its-a-serow-explaining-an-unusual-sighting-in-the-spiti-cold-desert-7105007/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S3: There are several species of serows, and all of them are found in Asia. The Himalayan serow, or Capricornis sumatraensis thar, is restricted to the Himalayan region. Taxonomically, it is a subspecies of the mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis).
• S2 and S1: According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Himalayan serows have experienced significant declines in population size, range size and habitat in the last decade, and this is expected to continue due to intensive human impact.
• Previously assessed as ‘near threatened’, the Himalayan serow is now been categorised as ‘vulnerable’ in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
• It is listed under Schedule I of The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which provides was under absolute protection.

Refer: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/its-a-goat-its-a-pig-its-a-serow-explaining-an-unusual-sighting-in-the-spiti-cold-desert-7105007/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Zebrafish – a tiny freshwater fish barely 2-3 cm long can efficiently regenerate its damaged heart within a short time period. Found in South Asia, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name Danio.
• Zebrafish is a small (2-3 cm long) freshwater fish found in the tropical and subtropical regions. The fish is native to South Asia’s Indo-Gangetic plains, where they are mostly found in the paddy fields and even in stagnant water and streams. The fish become adults at three months and survive 2-3 years in a laboratory condition. This fish’s unique characteristics lie in its transparency during its embryonic stages, allowing observing all organs, including beating heart and blood circulation.

Refer: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-zebrafish-gene-that-can-promote-heart-regeneration-7074247/