INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 3 April 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• World Economic Forum has released the Global Gender Gap Report 2021.
• It benchmarks 156 countries on their progress towards gender parity in four dimensions:
  • Economic Participation and Opportunity,
  • Educational Attainment,
  • Health and Survival and
  • Political Empowerment.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/wefs-global-gender-gap-report/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: Here are 7 points you need to know about the National Policy for Rare Diseases:

• Along with lowering the cost of treatment of rare diseases, the policy aims to increase focus on indigenous research and local production of medicines.
• Those who are suffering from rare diseases (diseases listed under Group 1 in the rare disease policy) that require one-time treatment will have the financial support of up to Rs20 lakh under the umbrella scheme of Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi. It will cover about 40 per cent of the population who are eligible under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana.
• The policy will make use of a crowdfunding mechanism to cover the cost of treatment of rare diseases. As part of it, corporates and individuals will be encouraged to extend financial support through a robust IT platform.
• A national hospital-based registry of rare diseases will be created to ensure adequate data and comprehensive definitions of such diseases are available for those interested in research and development.
• Through the help of Health and Wellness Centres, District Early Intervention Centres and counselling, the policy aims to screen and detect rare diseases early at early stages, which will in turn help in their prevention.
• A draft of the policy was put in the public domain on January 13, 2020, and comments from stakeholders, the general public, organisations, states and Union territories were invited on the same. “All the comments received were examined in depth by an expert committee constituted by the health ministry,” the statement issued by the ministry read.
• The Supreme Court and various high courts expressed concern about the lack of a national policy for rare diseases, the statement said. Rare diseases are difficult to research upon and availability and accessibility to medicines are important in the process of treatment. The policy aims to help the nation overcome these fundamental challenges.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/national-policy-for-rare-diseases-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: About the Iran Nuclear Deal:

• Also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
• The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU).
• Under the deal, Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy-water, all key components for nuclear weapons.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/the-joint-comprehensive-plan-of-action-jcpoa/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Constitution of India has recognised right to trade as a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(g) of the Constitution which allows citizens “to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.”
  • However, this right is not absolute, and it is subject to reasonable restriction. One such reasonable restriction is Environmental protection. That means the right to trade can be restricted if it adversely affects Environment.
• One of the legal issue with respect to Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Bill, 2020 is that it may not be able to withstand judicial scrutiny on the touchstone of Article 19(1)(g). more>>

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/haryanas-quota-law-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System generally referred to as “Harmonized System” or simply “HS” is a multipurpose international product nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO).
• S2: The maintenance of the HS is a WCO priority. This activity includes measures to secure uniform interpretation of the HS and its periodic updating in light of developments in technology and changes in trade patterns.
• S3: It allows participating countries to classify traded goods on a common basis for customs purposes. At the international level, the Harmonized System (HS) for classifying goods is a six-digit code system.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/harmonized-system-of-nomenclature-code/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: About InSight Mission:

• InSight is part of NASA’s Discovery Program.
• It will be the first mission to peer deep beneath the Martian surface, studying the planet’s interior by measuring its heat output and listening for marsquakes, which are seismic events similar to earthquakes on Earth.
• It will use the seismic waves generated by marsquakes to develop a map of the planet’s deep interior.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/03/nasas-insight-lander/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Each year billions worth of products are imported into India through air, sea and road from a number of countries. The Directorate General of Foreign Trade controls all import and export into India and Importer Exporter Code (IEC) from the DGFT is required for all importers or exporters. DGFT has published a list of prohibited items for import in India. Items on this list cannot be imported into India under any circumstance.
• List of items prohibited for import into India:
  • Mutton Tallow
  • Soap Stocks
  • Ivory powder and waste
  • Sperm oil
  • More>>>>

Refer: https://www.dgft.gov.in/CP/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The state government can fix and alter boundaries of the National Parks with prior consultation and approval with National Board of Wildlife. There is no need to pass an act for alternation of boundaries of National Parks. No human activities are permitted in a National Park.
• The major objectives of Biosphere Reserves are: (i) To conserve diversity and integrity of plants, animals and micro-organism; (ii) To promote research on ecological conservation and other environmental aspects and; (iii) To provide facilities for education, awareness and training.
• In a Wildlife Sanctuary, limited biotic interference is permitted. Operations such as harvesting of timber, a collection of minor forest products and private ownership rights are permitted so long as they do not interfere with the well-being of animals. In other words, limited biotic interference is allowed.

Source: (UPSC 2010)

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The Tropical Forest Alliance 2020 was founded in 2012 at Rio+20.
• TFA 2020 is a public-private partnership in which partners take voluntary actions, individually and in combination, to reduce the tropical deforestation associated with the sourcing of commodities such as palm oil, soy, beef, and paper and pulp. The Alliance does so by tackling the drivers of tropical deforestation using a range of market, policy, and communications approaches.
• Obj:- TFA 2020 will contribute to mobilizing and coordinating actions by governments, the private sector and civil society to reduce tropical deforestation related to key agricultural commodities by 2020.

Refer: http://climateinitiativesplatform.org/index.php/Tropical_Forest_Alliance_(TFA)

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization as of special cultural or physical significance.
• Natural (7)
  • Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (2014)
  • Kaziranga National Park (1985)
  • Keoladeo National Park (1985)
  • Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1985)
  • Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1988,2005)
  • Sundarbans National Park (1987)
  • Western Ghats (2012)
• Mixed (1)
  • Khangchendzonga National Park (2016)

Refer: http://www.wiienvis.nic.in/Database/whs_pas_8227.aspx