INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 24 February 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (a)

Explanation: What is Mission Indradhanush?

• To strengthen and re-energize the programme and achieve full immunization coverage for all children and pregnant women at a rapid pace, the Government of India launched “Mission indradhanush” in December 2014.
• Mission Indradhanush’s Goal:
  • The ultimate goal is to ensure full immunization with all available vaccines for children up to two years of age and pregnant women.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/indradhanush-3-0-launched/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The CPEC is the flagship project of the multi-billion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a pet project of Chinese President Xi Jinping, aimed at enhancing Beijing’s influence around the world through China-funded infrastructure projects.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/china-pakistan-economic-corridor-cpec-5/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• UN specialized agencies are international organizations working with the UN, in accordance with relationship agreements between each organization and the UN.
• There are 17 Specialized Agencies:
  • FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
  • IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
  • ILO: International Labour Organization
  • IMF: International Monetary Fund
  • IMO: International Maritime Organization
  • ITU: International Telecommunication Union
  • UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
  • UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  • UNWTO: World Tourism Organization
  • UPU: Universal Postal Union
  • WHO: World Health Organization
  • WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
  • WMO: World Meteorological Organization
  • World Bank Group
    • IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    • IDA: International Development Association
    • IFC: International Finance Corporation
  • About UNHRC:
    • It is a United Nations body whose mission is to promote and protect human rights around the world.
    • The UNHRC has 47 members elected for staggered three-year terms on a regional group basis.
    • The headquarters of UNHRC is in Geneva, Switzerland.
    • The UNHRC investigates allegations of breaches of human rights in United Nations member states, and addresses important thematic human rights issues such as freedom of association and assembly, freedom of expression, freedom of belief and religion, women’s rights, LGBT rights, and the rights of racial and ethnic minorities.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/un-human-rights-council-5/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: An anti-dumping duty is a protectionist tariff that a domestic government imposes on foreign imports that it believes are priced below fair market value.
  • According to global trade norms, a country is allowed to impose tariffs on such dumped products to provide a level-playing field to domestic manufacturers. The duty is imposed only after a thorough investigation by a quasi-judicial body, such as DGTR in India
• S2: In India, Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry conducts anti-dumping investigations.
  • The Finance Ministry takes the final call to impose the duty.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/govt-to-review-anti-dumping-duty-on-chinese-steel-products/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: Indian Pharma Industry:

• India enjoys an important position in the global pharmaceuticals sector, as India is the largest provider of generic drugs globally.
• The Indian pharmaceutical industry meets over 50% of global demand for various vaccines, 40% of generic demand in the U.S. and 25% of all medicine in the U.K.
• Presently, over 80% of the antiretroviral drugs used globally to combat AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) are supplied by Indian pharmaceutical firms.
• The Indian pharmaceuticals market is the world’s third-largest in terms of volume and thirteenth-largest in terms of value. It has established itself as a global manufacturing and research hub.
• India has one of the lowest manufacturing costs in the world – lower than that of the U.S. and almost half of the cost in Europe.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/pharma-exports-to-arab-nations-cumbersome/

Ans: (c)

Explanation: here the directive word is not correct!!

About the Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog:

• The Government of India has constituted the “Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog” to organize animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and to take steps for preserving and improving breeds, and to stop the slaughter, of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle.
• Constituted in 2019, the Aayog is a high powered permanent apex advisory body with the mandate to help the Central Government to develop appropriate programmes for conservation, sustainable development and genetic upgradation of indigenous breeds of cows.
• It comes under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
• Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog will function as an integral part of Rashtriya Gokul Mission.
• Functions:
  • Review existing laws, policies as well as suggest measures for optimum economic utilization of cow wealth for enhanced production and productivity, leading to higher farm income and better quality of life for the dairy farmers.
  • Advise and guide the Central Government and State Governments on policy matters concerning conservation, protection, development and welfare of cows and their progeny.
  • Promote schemes to encourage the use of organic manure and recommend suitable measures including incentive schemes for use of dung or urine of cow in organic manure by farmers to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
  • Make provisions for solutions to the problems related to abandoned cows in the country by providing technical inputs to Gaushalas, Gosadans and pinjarapoles.
  • Develop pastures or grazing lands and to associate with institutions or other bodies whether private or public, for the purpose of developing pastures and Gauchars.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/rashtriya-kamdhenu-aayog-rka/

Ans: (c)

Explanation: Defence Acquisitions Council (DAC):

• What is it? To counter corruption and speed up decision- making in military procurement, the government of India in 2001 decided to set up an integrated DAC. It is headed by the Defence Minister.
• Objective: The objective of the DAC is to ensure expeditious procurement of the approved requirements of the Armed Forces, in terms of capabilities sought, and time frame prescribed, by optimally utilizing the allocated budgetary resources.
• Functions: The DAC is responsible to give policy guidelines to acquisitions, based on long-term procurement plans. It also clears all acquisitions, which includes both imported and those produced indigenously or under a foreign license.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/02/24/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-february-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Who are G4 Nations?

• The G4 nations comprising Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan are four countries which support each other’s bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council.
• Basis for these demands:
  • Each of these four countries have figured among the elected non-permanent members of the council since the UN’s establishment.
  • Their economic and political influence has grown significantly in the last decades, reaching a scope comparable to the permanent members (P5).
• Support:
  • The United Kingdom and France have backed the G4’s bid for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council.
  • Japan has received support from the United States and the United Kingdom.
  • All the permanent members of P5 have supported India’s bids for permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) but China had previously implied that it is only ready to support India’s bid for a permanent seat on United Nations Security Council if India did not associate its bid with Japan.
  • Brazil has received backing from three of the current permanent members, namely France, Russia, and the United Kingdom.
• Opposition:
  • There has been discontent among the present permanent members regarding the inclusion of controversial nations or countries not supported by them.
  • For instance, Japan’s bid is heavily opposed by China, Russia and South Korea who think that Japan still needs to make additional atonement for war crimes committed during World War II.
  • Under the leadership of Italy, countries that strongly oppose the G4 countries’ bids have formed the Uniting for Consensus movement, or the Coffee Club, composed mainly of regional powers that oppose the rise of some nearby country to permanent member status.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/09/24/g4-seeks-time-bound-reform-of-security-council/

Ans: (c)

Explanation: Kumhar Sashaktikaran Yojana:

• It is an initiative of the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) for empowerment of potters community in the remotest of locations in the country.
• It was launched in 2018.
• This program provides the following support to potters.
  • Training for advanced pottery products.
  • Latest, new technology pottery equipments like the electric Chaak.
  • Market linkages and visibility through KVIC exhibitions.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/09/24/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-september-2020/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• As per the National Security Act, the grounds for preventive detention of a person include:
  • acting in any manner prejudicial to the defence of India, the relations of India with foreign powers, or the security of India.
  • regulating the continued presence of any foreigner in India or with a view to making arrangements for his expulsion from India.
  • preventing them from acting in any manner prejudicial to the security of the State or from acting in any manner prejudicial to the maintenance of public order or from acting in any manner prejudicial to the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the community it is necessary so to do.
• Sedition’ is an offence incorporated into the Indian Penal Code (IPC) in 1870. Section 124A of the IPC defines sedition and says:
  • whoever by words either spoken or written or by signs or by visible representation or otherwise brings or attempts to bring into hatred or contempt, the government established by law; or
  • whoever by the above means excites or attempts to excite disaffection towards the government established by law, has committed the offence of sedition.
  • Under the present law, it offers scope to consider as seditious
    • strong criticism against government policies and personalities
    • slogans voicing disapprobation of leaders
    • depictions of an unresponsive or insensitive regime
  • more: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2019/09/16/rstv-the-big-picture-sedition-law-and-debate/

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/09/02/national-security-act-1980/