INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 15 January 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (d)

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Skills build Platform Launched by Directorate General of Training (not Directorate General of supplies), under the aegis of Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
• S2: Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE). It was launched with an objective of enabling a large number of youth in India to take up skill training that is relevant to specific industry, which would help them in securing a better livelihood.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/pmkvy-3-0/

Explanation:

• S1: The Buland Darwaza is made of red and buff sandstone, decorated by white and black marble and is higher than the courtyard of the mosque. The Buland Darwaza is symmetrical and is topped by large free standing kiosks, which are the chhatris.
• S2: The architectural style of the Rumi Darwaza is completely in sync with the Nawabi architecture of Lucknow, and its significantly different from the Mughals. The material used for the drawaza is bricks and its then coated with lime, while the Mughals often used red sand stone. This is why the detailing on the Darwaza is more intricate, which would be impossible to achieve in stone.
• Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara_Imambara

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/14/mughal-history-whitewashed-in-texts-say-two-educationists/

Ans: (c)

Explanation: here the directive word is incorrect!!

• In India the Constitution confers the power of judicial review on the judiciary (both the Supreme Court as well as High Courts). Further, the Supreme Court has declared the power of judicial review as a basic feature of the Constitution or an element of the basic structure of the Constitution. Hence, the power of judicial review cannot be curtailed or excluded even by a constitutional amendment.
• Judicial review can be classified into the following three categories:
  • Judicial review of constitutional amendments.
  • Judicial review of legislation of the Parliament and State Legislatures and subordinate legislations.
  • Judicial review of administrative action of the Union and State and authorities under the state.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/why-supreme-courts-ruling-on-farm-laws-sets-a-terrible-constitutional-precedent/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• As per Article 142, “The Supreme Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction may pass such decree or make such order as is necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it, and any decree so passed or orders so made shall be enforceable throughout the territory of India in such manner as may be prescribed by or under any law made by Parliament and, until provision in that behalf is so made, in such manner as the President may by order prescribe”.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/why-supreme-courts-ruling-on-farm-laws-sets-a-terrible-constitutional-precedent/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• “Bureaucracy means the civil servants, the administrative functionaries who are professionally trained for the public service and who enjoy permanency of tenure, promotion within service-partly by seniority and partly by merit.” -Garner
• “In its broad larger sense the term Civil Service is used to describe any personnel system where the employees are classified in a system of administration composed of a hierarchy, sections, divisions, bureaus, departments and the like.” -Willoughby
• NCERT- BUREAUCRACY: “It is always possible that a party is defeated in elections and the new government wants to opt for new policies in the place of policies of the previous government. In such a situation, it is the responsibility of the administrative machinery to faithfully and efficiently participate in drafting the policy and in its implementation.”

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/what-are-the-new-jharkhand-combined-civil-services-examination-rules-2021/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Constitution makes a provision for the establishment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (JSPSC) for two or more states. While the UPSC and the SPSC are created directly by the Constitution, a JSPSC can be created by an act of Parliament on the request of the state legislatures concerned.
• S2: The chairman and members of a JSPSC are appointed by the president. They hold office for a term of six years or until they attain the age of 62 years, whichever is earlier.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/what-are-the-new-jharkhand-combined-civil-services-examination-rules-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: A State Public Service Commission consists of a chairman and other members appointed by the governor of the state. The Constitution does not specify the strength of the Commission but has left the matter to the discretion of the Governor.
• S2: Further, no qualifications are prescribed for the commission’s membership except that one-half of the members of the commission should be such persons who have held office for at least ten years either under the government of India or under the Government of a state.
• The Constitution also authorises the governor to determine the conditions of service of the chairman and members of the Commission.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/what-are-the-new-jharkhand-combined-civil-services-examination-rules-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: here the directive word is incorrect!!

About National Innovation Foundation (NIF) – India:

• It is an autonomous body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India.
• Set up in February 2000 at Ahmedabad, Gujarat to provide institutional support for scouting, spawning, sustaining and scaling up the grassroots innovations across the country.
• It is India’s national initiative to strengthen the grassroots technological innovations and outstanding traditional knowledge.
• Its mission is to help India become a creative and knowledge-based society by expanding policy and institutional space for grassroots technological innovators.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/national-innovation-foundation-nif-india/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The most common hazard in forests is forests fire. Forests fires are as old as the forests themselves. They pose a threat not only to the forest wealth but also to the entire regime to fauna and flora seriously disturbing the bio-diversity and the ecology and environment of a region. During summer, when there is no rain for months, the forests become littered with dry senescent leaves and twinges, which could burst into flames ignited by the slightest spark. The Himalayan forests, particularly, Garhwal Himalayas have been burning regularly during the last few summers, with colossal loss of vegetation cover of that region.
• S1: The youngest mountain ranges of Himalayas are the most vulnerable stretches of the world susceptible to forest fires.
• S2: The forests of Western are more frequently vulnerable to forest fires as compared to those in Eastern Himalayas. This is because forests of Eastern Himalayas grow in high rain density. With large scale expansion of chirr (Pine) forests in many areas of the Himalayas the frequency and intensity of forest fires has increased.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/why-forest-fires-are-common-in-himachal-pradesh/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: 3D printing is being used across a range of industries, from construction to medical technology. Its use in the food industry continues to grow. 3D printing of confectionery has focused primarily on chocolate and hard sugar candy, tut recent innovations have led to printing of gummy candy. http://www.mintel.com/blog/food-market-news/whats-next-in-3d-sugar-confectionery-printing
• S2: Bionic ears have been developed by some agencies, recently in news.
• S3: It is quite logical as constructing solid parts was one of the first uses of 3D printing.
• S4: People can now receive custom 3D-printed facial implants to help after illness or injuries. Read here https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28639959 and here https://www.odtmag.com/contents/view_videos/2017-07-28/3d-printing-is-revolutionizing-facial-reconstructive-surgery/48616
• S5: Multimaterial voxel-printing method that enables the physical visualization of data sets commonly associated with scientific imaging.
• It enables additive manufacturing of discontinuous data types such as point cloud data, curve and graph data, image-based data, and volumetric data.
• By converting data sets into dithered material deposition descriptions, through modifications to rasterization processes, we demonstrate that data sets frequently visualized on screen can be converted into physical, materially heterogeneous objects.
• It alleviates the need to postprocess data sets to boundary representations, preventing alteration of data and loss of information in the produced physicalizations.
• Therefore, it bridges the gap between digital information representation and physical material composition.
• You can read it here http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/5/eaas8652.full
• India’s first indigenously Developed 9mm Machine Pistol
  • India’s first indigenous 9mm Machine Pistol has been jointly developed by DRDO and Indian Army. The machine pistol fires the in-service 9mm ammunition and sports an upper receiver made from aircraft grade aluminium and lower receiver from carbon fibre.
  • 3D Printing process has been used in designing and prototyping of various parts including trigger components made by metal 3D printing.
  • The weapon is named “Asmi” meaning “Pride”, “Self-Respect” & “Hard Work”.
  • The weapon has huge potential in Armed forces as personal weapon for heavy weapon detachments, commanders and counter terrorism operations etc.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/01/15/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-15-january-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• As per the new mining law — Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 — which came into effect from January 2015, the non-coal mines have to be auctioned by the respective state governments.
• Jharkhand has both alluvial and native gold. Alluvial gold is obtained from the sands of the Subarnarekha river, Sona Nadi in Singhbhum district and the streams draining the Sonapat valley. Native gold is found near Lowa in Singhbhum district.
• In Andhra Pradesh gold deposits are found in Ramagiri in Anantapur district.
• In Rajasthan the Iron-Ore deposits are located in the districts of Jaipur, Udaipur, Jhunjhunu, Sikar, Bhilwara, Alwar, Bharatpur, Dausa and Banswara.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2018