QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC , 6 January 2021 – History

Solution: c)

In the first half of the 20th century, revolutionary groups sprang up mainly in Bengal, Maharashtra, Punjab and Madras. The revolutionaries were not satisfied with the methods of both the moderates and extremists. Hence, they started many revolutionary secret organizations. In Bengal Anusilan Samiti and Jugantar were established. In Maharashtra Savarkar brothers had set up Abhinava Bharat. In the Madras Presidency, Bharathmatha Association was started by Nilakanta Bramachari.

In Punjab Ajit Singh set up a secret society to spread revolutionary ideas among the youth. In London, at India House, Shyamji Krishna Verma gathered young Indian nationalists like Madan Lal Dhingra, Savarkar, V.V.S. Iyer and T.S.S.Rajan. Lala Hardyal set up the ‘Ghadar Party’ in USA to organise revolutionary activities from outside India.

Solution: b)

In 1908, Barrah dacoity was organised by Dacca Anushilan under Pulin Das to raise funds for revolutionary activities.

Prafulla Chaki and Kudiram Bose threw a bomb at a carriage supposed to carrying the judge, Kingsford, in Muzzafarpur.

Solution: d)

The main Demands of Moderates

• Expansion and reform of legislative councils.
• Greater opportunities for Indians in higher posts by holding the ICS examination simultaneously in England and in India.
• Separation of the judiciary from the executive.
• More powers for the local bodies.
• Reduction of land revenue and protection of peasants from unjust landlords.
• Abolition of salt tax and sugar duty.
• Reduction of spending on army.
• Freedom of speech and expression and freedom to form associations

Solution: a)

Bal Gangadhar Tilak used to run his two newspapers, Kesari, in Marathi and Mahratta in English from Pune.

Amrita Bazar Patrika was one of the oldest newspapers in India; it was launched in Bengali. It debuted on 20 February 1868. It was started by Sisir Ghosh and Moti Lal Ghosh. Amrita Bazar Patrika, which used to be a nationalist newspaper during the British rule, discontinued its publication from 1986.

Solution: a)

The Defence of India Act 1915, also referred to as the Defence of India Regulations Act, was an emergency criminal law enacted by the Governor-General of India in 1915 with the intention of curtailing the nationalist and revolutionary activities during and in the aftermath of the First World War.

The act was first applied during the First Lahore Conspiracy trial in the aftermath of the failed Ghadar Conspiracy of 1915, and was instrumental in crushing the Ghadr movement in Punjab and the Anushilan Samiti in Bengal.