QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 30 September 2020 – Polity

Solution: a)

42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976), added three new words— socialist, secular and integrity- to the Preamble.

The Preamble is neither a source of power to legislature nor a prohibition upon the powers of legislature.

It is non-justiciable, that is, its provisions are not enforceable in courts of law.

In the Kesavananda Bharati case, the Supreme Court held that Preamble is a part of the Constitution.

Solution: d)

According to Article 1, the territory of India can be classified into three categories:

(i) Territories of the states

(ii) Union territories

(iii) Territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any time.

Solution: a)

• Article 1 describes India, that is, Bharat as a ‘Union of States’ rather than a ‘Federation of States’.
• According to Dr B R Ambedkar, the phrase ‘Union of States’ has been preferred to ‘Federation of States’ for two reasons: one, the Indian Federation is not the result of an agreement among the states like the American Federation; and two, the states have no right to secede from the federation.

Solution: a)

• The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to provide free Legal Services to the weaker sections of the society and to organize Lok Adalats for amicable settlement of disputes.
• The Chief Justice of India is patron-in-chief of NALSA while second senior most judge of Supreme Court of India is the Executive-Chairman.
• In every State, State Legal Services Authority has been constituted to give effect to the policies and directions of the NALSA and to give free legal services to the people and conduct Lok Adalats in the State.

Solution: c)

The six rights guaranteed by Article 19 can be suspended only when emergency is declared on the grounds of war or external aggression (i.e., external emergency) and not on the ground of armed rebellion (i.e., internal emergency).