INSIGHTS CURRENT Affairs RTM - 2019
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The following Quiz is based on the Hindu, PIB and other news sources. It is a current events based quiz. Solving these questions will help retain both concepts and facts relevant to UPSC IAS civil services exam.
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New Initiative: Revision Through MCQs (RTM) – Revision of Current Affairs Made Interesting
As revision is the key to success in this exam, we are starting a new initiative where you will revise current affairs effectively through MCQs (RTM) that are solely based on Insights Daily Current Affairs.
These questions will be different than our regular current affairs quiz. These questions are framed to TEST how well you have read and revised Insights Current Affairs on daily basis.
We will post nearly 10 MCQs every day which are based on previous day’s Insights current affairs. Tonight we will be posting RTM questions on the Insights current affairs of October 3, 2019.
The added advantage of this initiative is it will help you solve at least 20 MCQs daily (5 Static + 5 CA Quiz + 10 RTM) – thereby helping you improve your retention as well as elimination and guessing skills.
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
4 pointsConsider the following statements:
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- In India, ethanol is primarily produced using sugarcane molasses
- Anhydrous ethanol can be blended with petrol in varying quantities to reduce the consumption of petroleum fuels
- Because the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to more completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- Stat1: Internationally, sugarcane, sweet sorghum and sugar beet are used for the production of ethanol as sugar containing feedstock. Maize, wheat and other cereals contain starch that can relatively easily be converted to sugar. In India, ethanol is primarily produced using sugarcane molasses. This is an example of first generation biofuels that uses biomass containing large amounts of sugar or materials that can be converted to sugar such as starch, for the generation of ethanol.
- Stat2: Ethanol can be combined with petrol in any concentration up to pure ethanol (E100). Anhydrous ethanol, that is, ethanol without water, can be blended with petrol in varying quantities to reduce the consumption of petroleum fuels, as well as to reduce air pollution.
- Stat3: Since ethanol is produced from plants that harness the power of the sun, ethanol is also considered a renewable fuel.
- Because the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to more completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- Stat1: Internationally, sugarcane, sweet sorghum and sugar beet are used for the production of ethanol as sugar containing feedstock. Maize, wheat and other cereals contain starch that can relatively easily be converted to sugar. In India, ethanol is primarily produced using sugarcane molasses. This is an example of first generation biofuels that uses biomass containing large amounts of sugar or materials that can be converted to sugar such as starch, for the generation of ethanol.
- Stat2: Ethanol can be combined with petrol in any concentration up to pure ethanol (E100). Anhydrous ethanol, that is, ethanol without water, can be blended with petrol in varying quantities to reduce the consumption of petroleum fuels, as well as to reduce air pollution.
- Stat3: Since ethanol is produced from plants that harness the power of the sun, ethanol is also considered a renewable fuel.
- Because the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to more completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements with reference to National Policy on Biofuels 2018:
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- The policy allows use of surplus food grains for production of ethanol for blending with petrol with the approval of National Biofuel Coordination Committee.
- It envisages an indicative target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol and 5% blending of bio-diesel in diesel by 2030.
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (c)
Explanation:
The National Policy on Biofuels-2018 approved by the Government envisages an indicative target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol and 5% blending of bio-diesel in diesel by 2030.
National Policy on biofuels, 2018- salient features:
- The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category.
- The Policy expands the scope of raw material for ethanol production by allowing use of Sugarcane Juice, Sugar containing materials like Sugar Beet, Sweet Sorghum, Starch containing materials like Corn, Cassava, Damaged food grains like wheat, broken rice, Rotten Potatoes, unfit for human consumption for ethanol production.
- Farmers are at a risk of not getting appropriate price for their produce during the surplus production phase. Taking this into account, the Policy allows use of surplus food grains for production of ethanol for blending with petrol with the approval of National Biofuel Coordination Committee.
- With a thrust on Advanced Biofuels, the Policy indicates a viability gap funding scheme for 2G ethanol Bio refineries of Rs.5000 crore in 6 years in addition to additional tax incentives, higher purchase price as compared to 1G biofuels.
- The Policy encourages setting up of supply chain mechanisms for biodiesel production from non-edible oilseeds, Used Cooking Oil, short gestation crops.
- Roles and responsibilities of all the concerned Ministries/Departments with respect to biofuels has been captured in the Policy document to synergise efforts.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
Incorrect
Ans: (c)
Explanation:
The National Policy on Biofuels-2018 approved by the Government envisages an indicative target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol and 5% blending of bio-diesel in diesel by 2030.
National Policy on biofuels, 2018- salient features:
- The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category.
- The Policy expands the scope of raw material for ethanol production by allowing use of Sugarcane Juice, Sugar containing materials like Sugar Beet, Sweet Sorghum, Starch containing materials like Corn, Cassava, Damaged food grains like wheat, broken rice, Rotten Potatoes, unfit for human consumption for ethanol production.
- Farmers are at a risk of not getting appropriate price for their produce during the surplus production phase. Taking this into account, the Policy allows use of surplus food grains for production of ethanol for blending with petrol with the approval of National Biofuel Coordination Committee.
- With a thrust on Advanced Biofuels, the Policy indicates a viability gap funding scheme for 2G ethanol Bio refineries of Rs.5000 crore in 6 years in addition to additional tax incentives, higher purchase price as compared to 1G biofuels.
- The Policy encourages setting up of supply chain mechanisms for biodiesel production from non-edible oilseeds, Used Cooking Oil, short gestation crops.
- Roles and responsibilities of all the concerned Ministries/Departments with respect to biofuels has been captured in the Policy document to synergise efforts.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are falls under the category of ‘Advanced Biofuels’ as per the National Policy on Biofuels – 2018?
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- Drop-in fuels
- Cellulose ethanol
- Vegetable oil
Select the correct answer using the code below:
Correct
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category.
- 1st generation biofuels are also called conventional biofuels. They are made from things like sugar, starch, or vegetable oil. Note that these are all food products. Any biofuel made from a feedstock that can also be consumed as a human food is considered a first generation biofuel.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
Incorrect
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category.
- 1st generation biofuels are also called conventional biofuels. They are made from things like sugar, starch, or vegetable oil. Note that these are all food products. Any biofuel made from a feedstock that can also be consumed as a human food is considered a first generation biofuel.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/why-govt-is-encouraging-ethanol-production-2/
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
1 pointsRecently “Most-Favored Nation (MFN) And National Treatment Obligation”, sometimes mentioned in the news in reference to
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Non-discrimination is a key concept in WTO law, not to say is both central and essential to assuring the success of the multilateral trading system.
- The principle of non-discrimination rests on two pillars: the most-favored nation (MFN) treatment obligation and the national treatment obligation.
- The principle of non-discrimination is so fundamental for the balance of rights and obligations within the WTO that it continues to induce legal effects even when subject to certain exceptions.
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Non-discrimination is a key concept in WTO law, not to say is both central and essential to assuring the success of the multilateral trading system.
- The principle of non-discrimination rests on two pillars: the most-favored nation (MFN) treatment obligation and the national treatment obligation.
- The principle of non-discrimination is so fundamental for the balance of rights and obligations within the WTO that it continues to induce legal effects even when subject to certain exceptions.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about New Development Bank(NDB):
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- It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states
- It was established in 2014, at the 6th BRICS Summit at Brasília, Brazil
- Unlike the World Bank, NDB assigns votes based on capital share
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Stat1: It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa).
- Stat2: he New Development Bank was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 5th BRICS summit held in Durban, South Africa in 2013. It was established in 2014, at the 6th BRICS Summit at Fortaleza, Brazi
- Stat3: Unlike the World Bank, which assigns votes based on capital share, in the New Development Bank each participant country will be assigned one vote, and none of the countries will have veto power.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/new-development-bank/
Incorrect
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Stat1: It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa).
- Stat2: he New Development Bank was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 5th BRICS summit held in Durban, South Africa in 2013. It was established in 2014, at the 6th BRICS Summit at Fortaleza, Brazi
- Stat3: Unlike the World Bank, which assigns votes based on capital share, in the New Development Bank each participant country will be assigned one vote, and none of the countries will have veto power.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/new-development-bank/
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi:
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- It is implemented as a central sector scheme by the Government of India.
- The entire responsibility of identification of beneficiaries rests with the State / UT Governments.
- ₹6,000 per year will be paid to each eligible farmer in lump sum and will be deposited directly to their bank accounts.
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Stat1: It is implemented as a central sector scheme by the Government of India.
- This scheme was introduced to augment the source of income of many small and marginal farmers.
- Stat2: The entire responsibility of identification of beneficiaries rests with the State / UT Governments.
- Stat3: ₹6,000 per year will be paid to each eligible farmer in three instalments and will be deposited directly to their bank accounts, subject to certain exclusion criteria relating to higher income status.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/pm-kisan-2/
Incorrect
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Stat1: It is implemented as a central sector scheme by the Government of India.
- This scheme was introduced to augment the source of income of many small and marginal farmers.
- Stat2: The entire responsibility of identification of beneficiaries rests with the State / UT Governments.
- Stat3: ₹6,000 per year will be paid to each eligible farmer in three instalments and will be deposited directly to their bank accounts, subject to certain exclusion criteria relating to higher income status.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/pm-kisan-2/
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Monetary Policy Committee (MPC):
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- Members of the MPC will be appointed for a period of five years and shall not be eligible for reappointment.
- The RBI Governor will chair the committee and enjoy veto power.
- Quantitative instruments refer to direct action, change in the margin money and moral suasion.
Which of the given above statements is/are not correct?
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation: Here Directive word is Not Correct!!- The RBI has a government-constituted Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) which is tasked with framing monetary policy using tools like the repo rate, reverse repo rate, bank rate, cash reserve ratio (CRR).
- It has been instituted by the Central Government of India under Section 45ZB of the RBI Act that was amended in 1934.
- Stat1: Members of the MPC will be appointed for a period of four years and shall not be eligible for reappointment.
- Stat2: The RBI Governor will chair the committee. The governor, however, will not enjoy a veto power to overrule the other panel members, but will have a casting vote in case of a tie.
- Stat3: Monetary policy instruments are of two types namely qualitative instruments and quantitative instruments.
- The list of quantitative instruments includes Open Market Operations, Bank Rate, Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, Cash Reserve Ratio, Statutory Liquidity Ratio, Marginal standing facility and Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF).
- Qualitative Instruments refer to direct action, change in the margin money and moral suasion.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/what-monetary-policy-committee-mpc/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation: Here Directive word is Not Correct!!- The RBI has a government-constituted Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) which is tasked with framing monetary policy using tools like the repo rate, reverse repo rate, bank rate, cash reserve ratio (CRR).
- It has been instituted by the Central Government of India under Section 45ZB of the RBI Act that was amended in 1934.
- Stat1: Members of the MPC will be appointed for a period of four years and shall not be eligible for reappointment.
- Stat2: The RBI Governor will chair the committee. The governor, however, will not enjoy a veto power to overrule the other panel members, but will have a casting vote in case of a tie.
- Stat3: Monetary policy instruments are of two types namely qualitative instruments and quantitative instruments.
- The list of quantitative instruments includes Open Market Operations, Bank Rate, Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, Cash Reserve Ratio, Statutory Liquidity Ratio, Marginal standing facility and Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF).
- Qualitative Instruments refer to direct action, change in the margin money and moral suasion.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/what-monetary-policy-committee-mpc/
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
1 pointsWhat is “milk tea alliance”?
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- It is a pro-democratic front formed by thousands of internet users from Thailand, Taiwan and Hong Kong in social networks against the authoritarianism of the Chinese Government and its supporters.
- The informal movement began by defending itself against the insults of pro- Chinese twitter users against Thailand. It has now ended up forming a social network group to combat Chinese “propaganda”.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- It is a pro-democratic front formed by thousands of internet users from Thailand, Taiwan and Hong Kong in social networks against the authoritarianism of the Chinese Government and its supporters.
- The informal movement began by defending itself against the insults of pro- Chinese twitter users against Thailand. It has now ended up forming a social network group to combat Chinese “propaganda”.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
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- West Texas intermediate (WTI) is a grade of crude oil used as a benchmark in oil pricing.
- This grade is described as light crude oil because of its relatively high density, and sweet because of its low sulfur content.
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Stat1: West Texas intermediate (WTI), also known as Texas light sweet, is a grade of crude oil used as a benchmark in oil pricing.
- Stat2: This grade is described as light crude oil because of its relatively low density, and sweet because of its low sulfur content.
- It is the underlying commodity of New York Mercantile Exchange’s oil futures contracts.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Stat1: West Texas intermediate (WTI), also known as Texas light sweet, is a grade of crude oil used as a benchmark in oil pricing.
- Stat2: This grade is described as light crude oil because of its relatively low density, and sweet because of its low sulfur content.
- It is the underlying commodity of New York Mercantile Exchange’s oil futures contracts.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
1 pointsMatterhorn is a famous mountain, sometimes mentioned in the news, is situated in
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Indian Tricolour of more than 1,000 meters in size was projected on Matterhorn Mountain, Zermatt, Switzerland to express solidarity to all Indians in the fight against COVID-19.
- It is situated in the Pennine Alps on the border between Switzerland and Italy.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Indian Tricolour of more than 1,000 meters in size was projected on Matterhorn Mountain, Zermatt, Switzerland to express solidarity to all Indians in the fight against COVID-19.
- It is situated in the Pennine Alps on the border between Switzerland and Italy.
Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/04/21/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-april-2020/