INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 18 March 2020) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Key Changes made:

• It seeks to extend the upper limit for permitting abortions from 20 weeks to 24 under special circumstances.
• The “special categories of women” include rape survivors, victims of incest, the differently abled and minors.
• The Bill proposes requirement of opinion of one registered medical practitioner (RMP) for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks of gestation.
• It also provides for the requirement of opinion of two RMPs for termination of pregnancy of 20 to 24 weeks.
• Constitution of a Medical Board: Every state government is required to constitute a Medical Board. These Medical Boards will consist of the following members: (i) a gynaecologist, (ii) a paediatrician, (iii) a radiologist or sonologist, and (iv) Any other number of members, as may be notified by the state government.
• Under the Bill, if any pregnancy occurs as a result of failure of any device or method used by a woman or her partner to limit the number of children, such an unwanted pregnancy may constitute a grave injury to the mental health of the pregnant woman.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/medical-termination-of-pregnancy-amendment-bill-2020/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• ODF+ and ODF++ were launched in August 2018 to further scale up and sustain the work undertaken by the cities after achieving the ODF status under Phase I of the Swachh Bharat Mission — Urban (SBM-Urban).
• ODF+ and ODF++ are aimed towards proper maintenance of toilet facilities and safe collection, conveyance, treatment/disposal of all faecal sludge and sewage.
• While ODF+ focuses on toilets with water, maintenance and hygiene, ODF++ focuses on toilets with sludge and septage management.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/odf-and-odf-under-phase-2-of-the-swachh-bharat-mission-urban/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: The following categories of persons (except Pakistan and Bangladesh) are eligible to apply under OCI scheme:

• Who is a citizen of another country, but was a citizen of India at the time of, or at any time after, the commencement of the constitution; or
• Who is a citizen of another country, but was eligible to become a citizen of India at the time of the commencement of the constitution; or
• Who is a citizen of another country, but belonged to a territory that became part of India after the 15th day of August, 1947; or
• Who is a child or a grand-child or a great grandchild of such a citizen

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/overseas-citizenship-of-india-oci/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: RBI releases new guidelines for payment aggregators:

• Capital requirements for payment aggregators has been reduced to Rs 15 crore at the time of application for the licence.
• This needs to be increased to Rs 25 crore within three years of operations.
• Existing non-bank entities offering payment aggregation (PA) services shall apply for authorisation on or before June 30, 2021.
• Pure-play payment gateway companies would be separated as an entity and would be identified as technology service providers for banks and non-banks.
• PAs have also been asked to adhere to strict security guidelines, adhere to all KYC (Know Your Customer) and AML (Anti Money Laundering) rules.
• The guidelines have also mandated that PAs need to check their merchant customers are not involved in selling of prohibited or fake items.
• The central bank has also asked PAs to set up designated nodal offices to deal with customer grievance.
• The RBI has prohibited PAs from allowing online transactions to be done with ATM pin as the second factor of authentication, which few payment gateway companies were offering as a service.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/rbi-releases-new-guidelines-for-payment-aggregators/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Payment Gateway: It is an e-commerce software application, a software that allows online transactions to take place. It is a pass-through mechanism through which cards, net banking and e-wallet payments are done. Payment gateways offer a means to accept online payments.
• Payment Aggregator: it is the inclusion of all these payment gateways. Payment aggregators are service providers through which e-commerce merchants process payments. They allow merchants to accept bank transfers without setting up a merchant account that is associated with a bank.
• A payment aggregator can offer a payment gateway, but a payment gateway cannot offer a payment aggregator.

Difference between Payment Gateways & Payment Aggregators

• Both payment gateways and payment aggregators are inclusive. A payment aggregator need not act as a payment gateway, but a payment gateway will need an aggregator.
• Options: Payment Gateways in India allow the merchants to deal in a specific payment option put on the portal, whereas Payment aggregators offer multiple options for payment, from bank transfers, credit/debit cards, e-wallet transactions, and recently UPI.
• Small Businesses: Payment gateways use payment aggregators to be able to cater to small businesses. This is due to the fact that small businesses generally find the transaction fees provided by payment gateways too high and complex.
• Intermediary & Interface: Payment Gateways play the role of an intermediary with merchants and customers who want to pay for any goods or services they are purchasing from the site. A payment aggregator is more an interface through which said intermediaries accept payments and make settlements.
• Ownership: Payment gateways in India are owned by Payment aggregators(financial service providers) who act as a processing unit for implementing online payments. Payment gateways are merchants and vendors who cannot
• License: Payment gateways require RBI authorization before they set up a business. But a payment aggregator requires a payment aggregator license and obtain necessary certification from the Payment Card Industry (Data Security Standard/ PCI DSS).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/rbi-releases-new-guidelines-for-payment-aggregators/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Gagan Enabled Mariner’s Instrument for Navigation and Information (GEMINI) device:

• It is a device that used for seamless and effective dissemination of emergency information and communication on disaster warnings, Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ) and Ocean States Forecasts (OSF) to fishermen.
• The device will help to provide information related to disaster warnings when fishermen move away from the coast beyond 10 to 12 kilometres.
• The GEMINI device receives and transfers the data received from GAGAN satellite/s to a mobile through Bluetooth communication. A mobile application developed by INCOIS decodes and displays the information in nine regional languages.
• It has been developed by Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), and Airports Authority of India (AAI).
• It is electronically designed and manufactured by a private industry M/S Acord, Bangalore under Make in India Program.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/potential-fishing-zone-pfz/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• On the World Population Day-2016, Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare had given directions to the Ministry to develop a strategy within 3 months where vulnerable districts in the country will be targeted for intensive and improved family planning services.
• In accordance with these directions, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched “Mission Parivar Vikas” in 145 high focus districts having the highest total fertility rates in the country.
• These 145 districts are in the seven high focus, high TFR states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Assam that constitute 44% of the country’s population.
• The main objective of ‘Mission Parivas Vikas’ : to accelerate access to high quality family planning choices based on information, reliable services and supplies within a rights-based framework.

Refer: Pib one liner facts: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-18-march-2020/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Nilavembu Kudineer, a Siddha medicine has proven effect in the prevention and management of Dengue and Chikungunya in epidemic out breaks.

Refer: Pib one liner facts: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/18/insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-18-march-2020/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Source: In an observation made in November 2017, the Supreme Court said that the Lt. Governor of Delhi has more powers that the Governor of a State — he does not have to listen to the advice of the Council of Ministers.
  • In the case of Delhi, since portfolios like land, police and public order fall under the domain of the Centre, of which the Lt. Governor is a representative, he holds more powers than a Governor.
• The council of ministers headed by the chief minister aid and advise the

Lt. Governor in the exercise of his functions except in so far as he is required to act in his discretion. In the case of difference of opinion between the

Lt. Governor and his ministers, the lt. governor is to refer the matter to the president for decision and act accordingly.

• The Lt. Governor is empowered to promulgate ordinances during recess of the assembly. An ordinance has the same force as an act of the assembly. Every such ordinance must be approved by the assembly within six weeks from its reassembly. He can also withdraw an ordinance at any time. But, he cannot promulgate an ordinance when the assembly is dissolved or suspended. Further, no such ordinance can be promulgated or withdrawn without the prior permission of the President.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/03/12/role-of-l-g-and-govt-intertwined-madras-hc/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Stat1:
• 
• Stat2:
• 
• Stat3:
  • Location of Agartala in Tripura : Coordinates: 23°50′N 91°17′ and 23°50′N 91°17′E
  • Location of Aizawl in Mizoram: Coordinates: 23°43′38″N and 92°43′04″E
  • Hence, Agartala is situated more northward than Aizawl.