Insights Static Quiz -437, 2019–Polity

Solution: d)

• The idea of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from Irish Constitution of 1937.
• Directive Principles resemble the ‘Instrument of Instructions’ enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935. In the words of Dr B R Ambedkar, ‘the Directive Principles are like the instrument of instructions, which were issued to the Governor-General and to the Governors of the colonies of India by the British Government under the Government of India Act of 1935. What is called Directive Principles is merely another name for the instrument of instructions. The only difference is that they are instructions to the legislature and the executive’.
• 44th Amendment Act of 1978 added one more Directive Principle, which requires the State to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities (Article 38).

Solution: d)

Solution: a)

A person to be appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court should have the following qualifications:

1. He should be a citizen of India.
2. (a) He should have been a judge of a High Court (or high courts in succession) for five years; or (b) He should have been an advocate of a High Court (or High Courts in succession) for ten years; or (c) He should be a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the president.

Constitution has not prescribed a minimum age for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court.

Solution: d)

Article 110 of the Constitution deals with the definition of money bills. It states that a bill is deemed to be a money bill if it contains ‘only’ provisions dealing with all or any of the following matters:

• The imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any tax;
• The regulation of the borrowing of money by the Union government;
• The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India or the contingency fund of India, the payment of moneys into or the withdrawal of money from any such fund;
• The appropriation of money out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
• Declaration of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India or increasing the amount of any such expenditure;
• The receipt of money on account of the Consolidated Fund of India or the public account of India or the custody or issue of such money, or the audit of the accounts of the Union or of a state; or

Any matter incidental to any of the matters specified above.

Solution: a)

Delimitation is the act of redrawing boundaries of Lok Sabha and state Assembly seats to represent changes in population.

In this process, the number of seats allocated to different states in Lok Sabha and the total number seats in a Legislative Assembly may also change.

The main objective of delimitation is to provide equal representation to equal segments of a population.

It also aims at a fair division of geographical areas so that one political party doesn’t have an advantage over others in an election.

Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation Commission.

1. The Constitution mandates that its orders are final and cannot be questioned before any court as it would hold up an election indefinitely.
2. Under Article 82, the Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census.
3. Once the Act is in force, the Union government sets up a Delimitation Commission.

The first delimitation exercise in 1950-51 was carried out by the President (with the help of the Election Commission), as the Constitution at that time was silent on who should undertake the division of states into Lok Sabha seats.

This delimitation was temporary as the Constitution mandated redrawing of boundaries after every Census. Hence, another delimitation was due after the 1951 Census. Subsequently, the Delimitation Commission Act was enacted in 1952.

Delimitation Commissions have been set up four times — 1952, 1963, 1973 and 2002 under the Acts of 1952, 1962, 1972 and 2002. There was no delimitation after the 1981 and 1991 Censuses.

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