Insights Static Quiz -366, 2019–Geography

Solution: a)

All techniques mentioned above in b, c and d are used in hilly terrains. For e.g. terrace farming is used to cut flat steps in hilly farms to reduce water erosion and make farm cultivable. They are not suited to flat dry (where water erosion is not significant) and coastal areas.

In the coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to protect soil cover.  These are known as shelter belts. These trees also yield valuable resources and supplement farm income.

Solution: a)

Sharks become abundant in a coral zone when the reefs are healthy. In a decade-long study conducted in the Great Barrier Reef, researchers used thousands of remote underwater video stations to count the number of sharks. The results showed that the health of coral reef had a huge affect on abundance of shark, especially the grey reef shark which is found on coral reefs. The study underlines the importance of coral reefs in protecting sharks.

Coral Bleaching:

Warmer water temperatures can result in coral bleaching. When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. This is called coral bleaching. When a coral bleaches, it is not dead. Corals can survive a bleaching event, but they are under more stress and are subject to mortality if continued for a long time.

Solution: c)

Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau. Along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghat, long stretch of area is occupied by red loamy soil. Yellow and red soils are also found in parts of Odisha and Chhattisgarh and in the southern parts of the middle Ganga plain. The soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form. The fine-grained red and yellow soils are normally fertile, whereas coarse-grained soils found in dry upland areas are poor in fertility. They are generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.

Solution: a)

Panthalasa is a super ocean present in Paleozoic to Mesozoic transition.

Solution: d)

Arctic Ocean surrounded by following countries.