[Insights Secure – 2019] Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 01 August 2019
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INSIGHTS NEW SECURE – 2019: YEARLONG TIMETABLE
Tomorrow’s Static Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
General Studies – 1
Topic: Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism. Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Why this question:
The article captures the dismay of mob lynching as a social evil prevalently being witnessed in the country.
Demand of the question:
One has to discuss the causative factors of such a social evil and suggest ways to address it.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction
Explain what is mob lynching in brief.
Body
Mob lynching refers to killing someone for an alleged offense without following any due process of law. In last few years mob lynching has emerged as a collective hate crime which targets people of specific identity or forms a minority community or strangers under suspicion. Lynching may be sparked variously by disputes over allegations of cow smuggling or slaughter, wild rumors of cattle theft or child kidnapping.
Discuss the causative factors to it.
Then move on to examine to what extent abysmal condition of the criminal justice system provides safe-havens and impunity to the perpetrators of such horrendous acts of mobocracy in India.
Explain what needs to be done.
Take hints from the article and suggest solutions – such as Implementation of the Supreme Court judgment in Prakash Singh case: a police establishment board has to be constituted for internal transparency and accountability. Distinguishing the core functions of police from the functions at the periphery as per the Malimath committee report. Use of latest technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) for remote monitoring of the identified sensitive areas. It can save the time of the police. The police officials must be empowered to take punitive actions against the perpetrators in case of emergency.
Conclusion
Conclude that constructive reforms to tide over the grim threat of criminalization of politics which castes its terrifying shadow over large swathes of the country is the need of the hour.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources, corporate governance.
Why this question:
Parliament on Tuesday cleared amendments to the companies’ law that will tighten norms pertaining to CSR spending for corporates, strengthen enforcement provisions and help unclog National Company Law Tribunal.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must evaluate the amendments made with respect to CSR in the companies act.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Define what is CSR.
Body:
One has to discuss the salient features of the companies act and the key features pertaining to the CSR.
Explain the newly introduced provisions – provision wherein the unspent CSR amount would be transferred to an escrow account for three financial years. Subsequently, if the amount remains unspent then the same would be moved to funds specified in Scheduled VII of the Companies Act. Under the Act, certain class of profitable companies are required to shell out at least two per cent of their three-year annual average net profit towards CSR activities etc.
Weigh the possible pros and cons and provide for your opinion.
Conclusion:
Conclude with significance of such amendments and importance of CSR to the country.
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
Why this question:
Government of India launched Atal Community Innovation Centre in New Delhi to encourage the spirit of innovation at the community level.
Key demand of the question
The question aims to evaluate the innovation ecosystem in the country.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief quote some data and discuss the current conditions of innovation levels in the country.
Body:
Discuss about the innovation potential of India.
Then move on to discuss about AIM – This initiative has been launched under the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), a flagship initiative of NITI Aayog.
The purpose of this new initiative is to make innovation ecosystem socially inclusive as well as to ensure equitable distribution of infrastructure for innovation across the country.
The Atal Community Innovation Centre has been launched to focus on the 484 backward districts where the innovation infrastructure is very weak.
The new program has been specifically designed for underserved, unserved regions of Tier 1 or Metro cities, Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities, Smart Cities, Aspirational districts, North-East, Jammu and Kashmir as well as the rural and tribal regions of India.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic:Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
Why this question:
CCD is a big brand and Siddhartha’s untimely demise reflects poorly on the prevailing business atmosphere, replete with “pressures” mentioned in a letter to the board of CCD and its employees.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must evaluate the atmosphere in the country that is made available to the entrepreneurs.
Directive:
Critically examine – When asked to examine, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Discuss the importance of entrepreneurs for the economy in general.
Body:
The answer should mainly talk about the factors of ease of doing business in India. To what extent India has a conducive atmosphere for entrepreneurs.
Throw light on the case of CCD, what must have gone wrong, what are the possible corrections government can take to prevent such incidences.
Conclusion:
Conclude by suggesting way forward.
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
Why this question:
The question is straightforward and is about discussing the important initiatives and laws taken by government of India to deal with Left wing extremism effected areas.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must discuss important initiatives and laws taken by government of India to deal with Left wing extremism effected areas.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
One can start by pointing out the regions effected by LWE in India.
Body:
Explain that in order to holistically address the LWE problem in an effective manner, Government has formulated National Policy and Action Plan adopting multi-pronged strategy in the areas of security, development, ensuring rights & entitlement of local communities etc.
Brief upon the various schemes undertaken – Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme, Special Central Assistance (SCA) for 30 most LWE affected districts, Scheme of Fortified Police stations etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude that an ideology based on violence and annihilation is doomed to fail in a democracy which offers legitimate forums of grievance redressal. Thus steps are required to tackle the issue in the right direction.
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
Why this question:
The question is based on the theme of Maoist insurgency, its spread, causes and repercussions.
Key demand of the question:
Explain in detail the Maoist insurgency doctrine, its philosophical basis and in what way it can be overcome.
Directive:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Explain the background of the question.
Body:
Explain the dynamics Of Maoist Insurgency in India.
Discuss what are the factors responsible for the growth and spread of Maoism in India. In areas under Maoist domination, the absence of governance becomes a self- fulfilling prophecy since the delivery systems are extinguished through killings and intimidation. This is the first step in the strategy of the Maoists to seek to control the countryside. Explain how they stridently take up issues like ‘displacement of tribals’, ‘corporate exploitation’, ‘human rights violations’ by security forces etc. and often make fantastic claims in this regard which get reported even by the mainstream media etc.
Suggest what needs to be done.
Discuss few initiatives taken by the government to tackle the issue.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
7) ‘The cause of sedition is always found in inequality’ (Aristotle). Explain.(250 words)
Ethics by Lexicon publications
Why this question:
The question is based on the theme of Aristotle’s theory of justice in his work ‘Politics’.
Key demand of the question:
Explain in detail the statement, the context and theory propounded by Aristotle.
Directive:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Briefly explain the gist of the statement in question.
Body:
Explain that justice for Aristotle is a complete virtue, though not absolute. It is a relative concept understood in relation to others in the society.
Aristotle theory of justice is linked to his idea of equality. Justice demands distribution of officers, rewards etc. According to the contribution based on merit of the citizens. He held that persons who are equal and possess equal merit ought to be treated equally. In other words, those who contribute more to the performance of good action in services of the state thus show greater civic excellence deserve more from the state than those who contribute less.
Therefore, Aristotle’s theory of justice is based on ‘proportional equality’, which means that people should receive from the state, in the way of just rewards, proportionately to their merits.
Conclusion:
Conclude with significance of such theories.
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