Insights Static Quiz -265, 2019–History

Solution: c)

Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)— First Hunger Strike:

In March 1918, Gandhi intervened in a dispute between cotton mill owners of Ahmedabad and the workers over the issue of discontinuation of the plague bonus.

Gandhi asked the workers to go on a strike and demand a 35 per cent increase in wages. Gandhi advised the workers to remain non-violent while on strike. He himself undertook a fast unto death (his first) to strengthen the workers’ resolve. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.

Solution: b)

Young Bengal Movement was launched by Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (1809-1831), who had come to Calcutta in 1826 and was appointed in the Hindu College as a teacher.

Drawing inspiration from the great French Revolution, Derozio inspired his pupils to think freely and rationally, question all authority, love liberty, equality and freedom, and oppose decadent customs and traditions. The Derozians also supported women’s rights and education.

The Derozians, however, failed to have a long-term impact. Derozio was removed from the Hindu College in 1831 because of his radicalism. The main reason for their limited success was the prevailing social conditions at that time, which were not ripe for the adoption of radical ideas.

Further, there was no support from any other social group or class.

Solution: d)

Gandhi’s arrest came on May 4, 1930 when he had announced that he would lead a raid on Dharasana Salt Works on the west coast. Gandhi’s arrest was followed by massive protests in Bombay, Delhi, Calcutta and in Sholapur, where the response was the most fierce. After Gandhi’s arrest, the CWC sanctioned:

• non-payment of revenue in ryotwari areas;
• no-chowkidara-tax campaign in zamindari areas; and
• violation of forest laws in the Central Provinces.

Solution: d)

The Ryotwari system was a land revenue system in British India, introduced by Sir Thomas Munro in 1820 based on system administered by Captain Alexander Read. This system was exactly opposite to the Zamindari system. In this system, peasants were given the ownership. It was first introduced in Madras presidency. It was later extended to Bombay, Parts of Bengal, Assam, Coorg etc.

Solution: c)

The Calico Act banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism, largely in response to India (particularly Bengal), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time. The Act was a precursor to the Industrial Revolution, when Britain eventually surpassed India as the world’s leading textile manufacturer in the 19th century.