PRELIMS BOOSTER 2018
Hoolock gibbons and United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Hoolock gibbons
- primate species of genus Hoolock
- Endangered — IUCN
- CITES Appendix I
- schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972
- State Animal of Arunachal Pradesh
- Habitat
- Primarily forest dweller
- inhabits tropical evergreen rainforests, tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, tropical mixed deciduous forests, and subtropical broadleaf hill forests
- It has also been noted in bamboo “brakes” and hollock (Terminalia myriocarpa) and ajhar
- Range
- native to eastern Bangladesh, Northeast India and Southwest China.
- India — found south of Brahmaputra and east of the Dibang Rivers. Its range extends into seven north eastern states
- Threats
- habitat loss and fragmentation fragmentation — , jhoom cultivation
- human interference — harvesting of bamboo for paper mills, oil mining and exploration, and coal mining, which deplete habitat and cause pollution and disturbance
- hunting for food — some ethnic groups believe the gibbons have medicinal properties
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
- established in 1964
- permanent intergovernmental body
- principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues
- report to the UN General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council
- The conference ordinarily meets once in four years
- permanent secretariat — Geneva.
- goals — “Prosperity for all”
- maximize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries and assist them in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis
- Functions
- formulate policies relating to all aspects of development including trade, aid, transport, finance and technology
- It undertakes research, policy analysis and data collection for the debates of government representatives and experts
- provide technical assistance tailored to the specific requirements of developing countries, with special attention to the needs of the least developed countries and of economies in transition
- Reports
- World Investment Report
- Least Developed Countries Report
- Trade and Development Report
- Trade and Environment Review
- Information Economy Report
- Review of Maritime Transport
- Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)
- manufacturers’ exports and some agricultural goods from the developing countries enter duty-free or at reduced rates in the developed countries.
