INSIGHTS REVISION TEST for Preliminary Exam 2018: Test – 41 (Geography)

Answer: (c)

Justification:

Pacific region is the convergence zone of many plates, hence Tsunami are more common in Pacific Ocean.

Answer: (d)

Justification:

Fringing reefs occur close to land and often extend out to sea for long distances.  The second type of reef is a barrier reef, a well defined coral zone separated from land by a lagoon. The lagoon is a shallow area with a sandy floor, patch reefs, and patches of seagrass.  An atoll is the third type of reef. An atoll is a ring-like formation of reefs with a lagoon inside the ring.

According to Darwin, barrier reefs begin as fringing reefs along the shores of a volcano. Over millions of years, the volcano sinks lower into the sea and the sea level rises around the volcano. The coral grows upwards to keep from getting too far from the sunlight at the sea surface. The outward side of the coral reef grows fastest since ocean currents bring in the plankton that the corals feed on. The water on the landward side of the reef is still and there is less oceanic plankton. Here the reef is unable to grow fast enough to keep up with the rising sea level and is eventually drowned. A lagoon develops between the reef and the land, resulting in the characteristic barrier reef shape.  The volcano continues sinking until it disappears under the sea surface. The result is an atoll, a ring of coral reefs surrounding the submerged, extinct volcano.

Answer: (c)

Justification:

Airmass is large body is large body of air having uniform temperature and moisture conditions. The region where it acquires such characteristic is called source. Hot desert of subtropics are important source region for Continental Tropical airmass.

Answer: (a)

Justification:

Transhumance is the practice of pastoral nomads when they circulate with their herds from lowland pastures to mountainous regions in a learned pattern that is often passed down through generations of family members.

Livestock ranching is the commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area which is associated with a very large land requirement and modest input of capital and human resources (labor management) per unit area of land.

Answer: (b)

Justification:

Answer: (c)

Justification:

In general hunters and food gatherers are confined to Tropical Rainforest region. Abundance of flora and fauna promotes such activity. Pygmies and Orang Asli are some examples.

Answer: (a)

Justification:

Elephanta

Island, made up entirely of Deccan basalt, has a 7-km coast-

line mostly covered by mangroves.

Elephanta

Island, made up entirely of Deccan basalt, has a 7-km coast-

line mostly covered by mangroves.

Elephanta

Island, made up entirely of Deccan basalt, has a 7-km coast-

line mostly covered by mangroves.

Elephanta

Island, made up entirely of Deccan basalt, has a 7-km coast-

line mostly covered by mangroves.

Elephanta Island, made up entirely of Deccan basalt, has a 7 km coastline mostly covered by by mangroves. There are hundreds of rock cut caves in Deccan trap.

The Elephanta Caves represent the focal point of the Elephanta Island, located in the Mumbai harbour off the coast of Mumbai (Bombay), India. In 1987, UNESCO designated the caves a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[ The caves have been dated back to the Silhara kings of the ninth through thirteenth centuries (810–1260). Some of the sculptures of the site have been attributed to the imperial Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta (in present day Karnataka), the Trimurti of Elephanta showing the three faces of Shiva almost akin to the Trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh, the royal insignia of the Rashtrakutas. Other Rashtrakuta sculptures include the reliefs of Nataraja and Sadashiva and the splendid sculptures of Ardhanarishvara.

Answer: (c)

Justification:

The western coastal plains are an example of submerged coastal plain. Because of this submergence it is a narrow belt and provides natural conditions for the development of ports and harbors. As compared to the western coastal plain, the eastern coastal plain is broader and is an example of an emergent coast.  There are well developed deltas here, formed by the rivers flowing eastward in to the Bay of Bengal. These include the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri. Because of its emergent nature, it has less number of ports and harbors.

Answer: (b)

Justification:

Laterite soil is reddish to yellow in color with a lower content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, lime, and magnesia with 90–100% of iron, aluminum, titanium, and manganese oxides. The word laterite has been derived from the Latin word that means brick. The laterite soil is formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods, which leads to leaching of soil, leaving only oxides of iron and aluminum.

Laterite soil in India is found over Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats , Rajmahal hills, Northeastern region and some parts of Vindhyas and Satpura. In general they are found over Aravallis.

Answer: (b)

Justification:

During the Monsoon season, there are periods when the Monsoon trough shifts closer to the foothills of Himalayas, which leads to sharp decrease in rainfall over most parts of the country. However, rainfall increase along the foothills of Himalayas, Northeast India and parts of the Southern Peninsula (Rayalseema and Tamil Nadu). Such a synoptic situation is known as the ‘break’ Monsoon period. Normally the Monsoon trough runs from Sri Ganganagar in Rajasthan to Kolkata. During break Monsoon, the trough shifts closer to the foothills of Himalayas.

Answer: (c)

Justification:

Gujarat is the leading producer of marine fish in the country (7.74 lakh tonnes). It is followed by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala.

Gujarat is important producer of cotton, sugarcane, tobacco and oilseeds. Hence it is one of the leading producers of cash crops. Over decades the area under cereals is decreasing and area under cash crops has increased.

Answer: (d)

Justification:

Bailadila mine in Chattisgarh is famous for Iron-ore deposits.

Khetri Copper Complex. Khetri Copper Complex (KCC) at Khetrinagar, Rajasthan. Khetri is situated at the foothills of the Aravalli Range, which hosts copper mineralization, giving rise to a 80 km long metallogenetic province from Singhana in the north to Raghunathgarh in the south, popularly known asKhetri Copper Belt.

Barmer in Rajasthan desert region is famous for oil and gas deposits. Majority of the reserves are located in the three fields of Mangala, Bhagyam and Aishwariya.

Answer: (b)

Justification:

The Godavari is the largest Peninsular river system. It is also called the Dakshin Ganga. It rises in the Nasik district of Maharashtra and discharges its water into the Bay of Bengal. . It is 1,465 km long with a catchment area spreading over 3.13 lakh sq. km 49 per cent of this, lies in Maharashtra, 20 per cent in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, and the rest in Andhra Pradesh.

The Kaveri rises in Brahmagiri hills (1,341m) of Kogadu district in Karnataka.  Its length is 800 km and it drains an area of 81,155 sq. km.  Since the upper catchment area receives rainfall during the southwest monsoon season (summer) and the lower part during the northeast monsoon season (winter), the river carries water throughout the year with comparatively less fluctuation than the other Peninsular rivers.

Answer: (c)

Justification:

Rural settlements has majority of its population engaged in agricultural activities whereas in urban settlement majority population is engaged in non-agricultural activities.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

Justification:

The river rises in the Vindhya Range north of Dhar, and flows south across the Malwa Plateau to join the Chambal River. It is one of the sacred rivers in Hinduism. The holy city of Ujjain is situated on its right bank.

Answer: (a)

Justification:

Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Jharkand and Telangana

Solution: a

Justification:

We can conclude that two of the children are boys. Hence, statement 2 is fact.

We can’t conclude exactly how many boys or girls have blue or brown eyes.

Solution: c

Justification:

A is the second tallest person. There is only one person shorter than B. So, B is the fourth tallest person. D is the shortest and second heaviest.

A is shorter than E. So, the third tallest person is C, who is the heaviest person. B is lighter than E and A respectively. So, the final arrangement is as follows.

Final tabulation:

C is heaviest person.

Solution: a

Justification:

Solution: a

Justification:

From the conditions 1 and 3, the 1st car to reach R cannot be C1 or C2 or C4. So, it has to be C3. So, C3 is the second to start at P, the fourth to reach Q and the first to reach R. The first car to leave P cannot be C1 or C2 or C3. So, it has to be C4. So, C4 is the second to reach R and the third to reach Q.

C2 is the first to reach Q and C, is the second. Thus we get the following arrangement.

Hence, C4 is the first car to leave P.

Solution: b

Justification: