PRELIMS BOOSTER 2018
Common hill myna (Gracula religiosa, Mynha) and Central American Integration System (SICA)
Common hill myna (Gracula religiosa, Mynha)
- Least Concern (LC) — IUCN
- State bird of Meghalaya and chattisgarh
- resident in hill regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia
- It is known for its ability to mimic noises including human speech.
- member of the starling family (Sturnidae)
- omnivorous bird
- habitat
- Hill myna like areas where rainfall and humidity are both high. They prefer jungles, evergreen, and wet deciduous forests. They occurs in moist or semi-evergreen forest in lowlands, hills and mountains
- Range — Himalayan foothills up to about 2500 ft., also occur through Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and China, Indochina, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines
- India — Western Ghats , east and north-east (Arunachal Pradesh and the lower Himalayas)
- Schedule – I of wildlife (Protection) act, 1972
- Threat
- Trade
- habitat loss
Central American Integration System (SICA)
- set up in 1991
- Administrative center — El Salvador San Salvador, El Salvado
- institutional framework for Regional Integration in Central America
- observers in United Nations General Assembly
- former organizations
- Organisation of Central American States (ODECA) – 1951
- Central American Common Market — 1960
- Membership — 8 states
- regional observers – 8
- objectives
- to consolidate democracy and strengthen its institutions;
- to set up a new model of regional security;
- to achieve a regional system of welfare and economic and social justice;
- to attain economic union and strengthen the Central American financial system and
- to strengthen the region as an economic bloc in order to insert it successfully into the international economy
- Central America Four or CA-4
Four countries (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua) experiencing political, cultural and migratory integration have formed this group
- Organisations
- Central American Parliament ,Parlacen — a parliamentary body
- Central American Court of Justice — to promote peace in the region and the unity of its member states.
- Central American Bank for Economic Integration