QUIZ – 2017: Insights Current Affairs Quiz, 11 OCTOBER 2017

Solution: d.
The Plurality System is also known as the First-Past-The-Post system – the election method we have adopted for elections to the Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies.

Israel and Netherlands employ the PR (Proportional Representation) election method.

Refer Chapter 3 – Election and Representation; Indian Constitution at Work, Class 11 NCERT
http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/elections-in-india-bjp-congress-election-commission-the-mandate-the-mirror-4882392/;
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Solution: d.
The double burden of malnutrition is characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition along with overweight and obesity, or diet-related noncommunicable diseases.

It can exist at the individual level – for example obesity with deficiency of one or various vitamins and minerals, or overweight in an adult who was stunted during childhood – at the household level – when a girl child may be underweight or anaemic and her brother is overweight – and at the population level – where there is a prevalence of both undernutrition and overweight in the same community, nation or region.

Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/who-releases-new-guidelines-to-manage-obesity-in-children/article19835091.ece;
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Solution: a.
Improvisation – http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=171568: “Our energy revolution is also a geographic revolution. When I look at the NASA night map of India, I see an India that needs more light in the East. Development and energy have reached the West of our country more quickly and effectively than the East. Our government and my Ministry are changing this situation by focusing on the growth of energy infrastructure, through new pipelines, new LNG terminals, and new offshore gas development projects..”

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/new-night-lights-maps-open-up-possible-real-time-applications;
The image (size – 8MB): https://www.nasa.gov/specials/blackmarble/2016/globalmaps/BlackMarble_2016_3km.jpg;
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Solution: a.
A question on the organisation (Sulabh International [SI]) is more likely to be asked than on its founder, Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak, in the preliminary examination.

In the news: The President said that Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak was the most deserving person for an award named after Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri as he has contributed immensely in the direction of getting rid of the practice of manual scavenging.

The Mayor of New York had declared April 14, 2016 as the ‘Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak International Day’ keeping in mind this contribution made by Dr. Pathak. He also received the Padma Bhushan in 1991, and the Stockholm Water Prize in 2009.

SI is known for its innovative, environmentally-sound and cost-effective sanitation technologies. SI, which engages nearly 50,000 people, has constructed nearly 1.3 million household toilets and 54 million government toilets. Apart from construction of toilets, the organisation is leading a movement to discourage manual cleaning of human waste.

http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=171576;
About Sulabh International: http://www.sulabhinternational.org/sulabh-story-in-brief/;
From 2016: http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/april-14-declared-as-bindeshwar-pathak-day-by-new-york-mayor-2756134/;
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Solution: a.
CREDIT: Anshuman Mathur (Comments section, 10th October Quiz: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2017/10/10/quiz-2017-insights-current-affairs-quiz-10-october-2017/);

Born in Norway in 1861, Fridtjof Nansen excelled as a scientist, polar explorer, diplomat and humanitarian.

By age 27, Nansen had already written his doctoral thesis on the central nervous system and made the first crossing of Greenland’s treacherous ice cap. Soon he would lead a 25-month expedition into the Arctic Ocean, coming nearer to the North Pole than anyone before.
Yet Nansen is best known for his visionary work on behalf of refugees. As Europe struggled to rebuild after the first world war, he directed the League of Nations’ first major humanitarian operation – the repatriation of 450,000 prisoners of war.

Nansen served as the League’s first High Commissioner for Refugees from 1920-1930, helping hundreds of thousands of refugees to return home. His efforts enabled many others to become legal residents and find work in the countries where they had found refuge.
Nansen saw that one of the biggest problems facing refugees was the lack of internationally recognized identification papers. His solution, which came to be known as the ‘Nansen passport’, was the first legal instrument for the international protection of refugees.

When famine broke out in Russia in 1921-1922, Nansen organized a relief programme for millions of its victims. For his crucial work, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1922.

UNHCR established the Nansen Refugee Award in his honour in 1954.

Google Doodle: https://www.google.com/doodles/fridtjof-nansens-156th-birthday;
http://www.unhcr.org/about-fridtjof-nansen.html;
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