QUIZ – 2017: Insights Current Affairs Quiz, 12 September 2017

Solution: d.
The Phillips curve is an economic concept developed by A. W. Phillips showing that inflation and unemployment have a stable and inverse relationship. The theory states that with economic growth comes inflation, which in turn should lead to more jobs and less unemployment. However, the original concept has been somewhat disproven empirically due to the occurrence of stagflation in the 1970s, when there were high levels of both inflation and unemployment.

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/phillipscurve.asp;
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/why-the-phillips-curve-does-not-work/article19668153.ece;
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Solution: c.
The key word in the question is “may”.
• Paradox of Aid refers to the paradoxical situation wherein countries that are blessed with good institutions to achieve economic growth have no need for foreign aid, while countries that possess poor institutions that inhibit their growth do not benefit from any amount of foreign aid.
• Research has found it difficult to identify a robust positive relationship between aid and growth. One hypothesis is that aid perpetuates resource dependency, in the sense that since revenues flow in from outside, recipient countries may fail to develop their own tax bases or their institutions more generally. Another potential downside of aid is that it could trigger “Dutch disease”, named after the impact that discovery of natural gas in the North Sea had on the domestic economy in the Netherlands. This windfall cause the real exchange rate to appreciate as the extra income was spent domestically, pushing up the price of nontradeables such as services geared to the local economy.

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/in-economics-what-is-paradox-of-aid/article19664327.ece;
Chapter 13, Economic Survey Volume 1 (2016-17);
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Solution: a.
• The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) has raised a few objections over the Home Ministry’s bid to frame a new law to regulate unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), loosely referred to as drones.
• The Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has told the Home Ministry that licensing and safety of all aircraft — manned or unmanned — was their domain. As per International Civil Aviation Organisation guidelines, aircraft, whether manned or unmanned, does not affect its status as an aircraft and the safety oversight is the responsibility of DGCA.
• The need for a new law arose after it received representations from a couple of industrial houses who wanted to use UAVs to monitor oil pipelines and coalfields.
Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/aviation-home-ministries-spar-over-regulating-drones/article19665327.ece?homepage=true;
https://www.faa.gov/uas/faqs/;
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Solution: a.
The DGCA has revised the relevant sections of the Civil Aviation Requirement ( CAR Section 3, Series M, Part Vl on “Handling of Unruly Passengers ) to bring in a deterrent for passengers who engage in unruly behaviour on board aircrafts. The revision has been done in accordance with the provisions of Tokyo Convention 1963.

http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=170619;
Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/in-the-air/article19664192.ece;

Solution: b.
A Bengaluru firm has become India’s first to receive the international CARB-X grant to develop antibiotics to treat hospital-acquired infections.
• CARB-X, or Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator, is a public-private international partnership (US Dept. of Health and Human Services, and London-based biomedical research chairty Wellcome Trust), which was set up in 2016 to focus on innovations to improve diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant infections. It grew out of President Barack Obama’s 2015 Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (CARB) initiative.
• Bacteria are classified as Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Gram-negative bacteria are responsible for 20-25% of infections, and are multi drug resistant. All CARB-X funding so far is focused on projects to address the most resistant “Gram-negative” bacteria.
• Additional Information: Technically, antibiotic resistance is a subset of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a wider category that covers resistance in all microorganisms — bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi — to drugs. But as antibiotics (drugs against bacteria) are the commonest antimicrobials, the two terms are often used interchangeably.

Read more (ESKAPE pathogens, Delhi Declaration etc.) at http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-infections-picked-up-in-hospitals-are-the-big-threat-today-how-world-is-trying-to-cope-4837567/;
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