DAY – 15: Insights Self Study Guide for Prelims + Mains – 2015
17 June 2015
Following Questions are Based on this TIMETABLE
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NCERT Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
NCERT Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
3) What are forms of condensation? Describe the process of dew and frost formation. (200 Words)
NCERT Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 11
NCERT Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
Multiple Choice Questions Quiz
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Question 1 of 16
1. Question
With reference to the composition of atmosphere, consider the following statements:
- The volume of Argon gas is greater than the volume of carbon dioxide, helium and hydrogen gases combined together in atmosphere
- The air is an integral part of the earth’s mass
- Carbon dioxide is present in the atmosphere even beyond the thermopause
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: a)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermopause
he proportion of gases changes in the higher layers of the atmosphere in such a way that oxygen will be almost in negligible quantity at the height of 120 km. Similarly, carbon dioxide and water vapour are found only up to 90 km from the surface of the earth.
http://geogrify.net/GEO1/Images/Geosystems/EG_7e_Figure_02_17b_L.jpg
Incorrect
Solution: a)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermopause
he proportion of gases changes in the higher layers of the atmosphere in such a way that oxygen will be almost in negligible quantity at the height of 120 km. Similarly, carbon dioxide and water vapour are found only up to 90 km from the surface of the earth.
http://geogrify.net/GEO1/Images/Geosystems/EG_7e_Figure_02_17b_L.jpg
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Question 2 of 16
2. Question
Consider the following statements:
- The higher concentration of dust particles in atmosphere is found in equatorial and polar regions
- Dust and salt particles act as blanket allowing the earth neither to become too cold nor too hot
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: d)
Dust particles are generally concentrated in the lower layers of the atmosphere; yet, convectional air currents may transport them to great heights. The higher concentration of dust particles is found in subtropical and temperate regions due to dry winds in comparison to equatorial and polar regions. Dust and salt particles act as hygroscopic nuclei around which water vapour condenses to produce clouds.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
Incorrect
Solution: d)
Dust particles are generally concentrated in the lower layers of the atmosphere; yet, convectional air currents may transport them to great heights. The higher concentration of dust particles is found in subtropical and temperate regions due to dry winds in comparison to equatorial and polar regions. Dust and salt particles act as hygroscopic nuclei around which water vapour condenses to produce clouds.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
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Question 3 of 16
3. Question
Consider the following statements:
- In mesosphere, the temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100° C at the height of 80 km
- Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by the mesosphere
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: a)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
The mesosphere lies above the stratosphere, which extends up to a height of 80 km. In this layer, once again, temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100° C at the height of 80 km. The upper limit of mesosphere is known as the mesopause. The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Temperature here starts increasing with height.
Incorrect
Solution: a)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
The mesosphere lies above the stratosphere, which extends up to a height of 80 km. In this layer, once again, temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100° C at the height of 80 km. The upper limit of mesosphere is known as the mesopause. The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Temperature here starts increasing with height.
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Question 4 of 16
4. Question
Which one of the following gases is transparent to incoming solar radiation and opaque to outgoing terrestrial radiation?
Correct
Solution: d)
Carbon dioxide is meteorologically a very important gas as it is transparent to the incoming solar radiation but opaque to the outgoing terrestrial radiation. It absorbs a part of terrestrial radiation and reflects back some part of it towards the earth’s surface.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
Incorrect
Solution: d)
Carbon dioxide is meteorologically a very important gas as it is transparent to the incoming solar radiation but opaque to the outgoing terrestrial radiation. It absorbs a part of terrestrial radiation and reflects back some part of it towards the earth’s surface.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 8
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Question 5 of 16
5. Question
With reference to solar radiation consider the following statements:
- The earth’s surface receives most of its energy in long wavelengths
- The solar output received at the top of the atmosphere is constant throughout the year
Which of the above statements is/are INCORRECT?
Correct
Solution: c)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The earth’s surface receives most of its energy in short wavelengths. The energy received by the earth is known as incoming solar radiation which in short is termed as insolation. As the earth is a geoid resembling a sphere, the sun’s rays fall obliquely at the top of the atmosphere and the earth intercepts a very small portion of the sun’s energy. On an average the earth receives 1.94 calories per sq. cm per minute at the top of its atmosphere The solar output received at the top of the atmosphere varies slightly in a year due to the variations in the distance between the earth and the sun.
Incorrect
Solution: c)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The earth’s surface receives most of its energy in short wavelengths. The energy received by the earth is known as incoming solar radiation which in short is termed as insolation. As the earth is a geoid resembling a sphere, the sun’s rays fall obliquely at the top of the atmosphere and the earth intercepts a very small portion of the sun’s energy. On an average the earth receives 1.94 calories per sq. cm per minute at the top of its atmosphere The solar output received at the top of the atmosphere varies slightly in a year due to the variations in the distance between the earth and the sun.
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Question 6 of 16
6. Question
The amount and the intensity of insolation vary during a day, in a season and in a year. Which of the following factor/factors cause these variations?
- The rotation of earth on its axis
- The angle of inclination of the sun’s rays
- The length of the day
- The revolution of earth around the Sun
- The transparency of the atmosphere
- The configuration of land in terms of its aspect
Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
Correct
Solution: d)
Even earth’s revolution affects intensity of insolation as per the following link:
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
Incorrect
Solution: d)
Even earth’s revolution affects intensity of insolation as per the following link:
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
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Question 7 of 16
7. Question
Consider the following statements:
- Convection is relatively more important then advection for earth
- Loo’s or heat waves that affect many parts of India during summer are the outcome of convection process
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: d)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The air in contact with the earth rises vertically on heating in the form of currents and further transmits the heat of the atmsphere. This process of vertical heating of the atmosphere is known as convection. The convective transfer of energy is confined only to the troposphere. The transfer of heat through horizontal movement of air is called advection. Horizontal movement of the air is relatively more important than the vertical movement. In middle latitudes, most of dirunal (day and night) variation in daily weather are caused by advection alone. In tropical regions particularly in northern India during summer season local winds called ‘loo’ is the outcome of advection process.
Incorrect
Solution: d)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The air in contact with the earth rises vertically on heating in the form of currents and further transmits the heat of the atmsphere. This process of vertical heating of the atmosphere is known as convection. The convective transfer of energy is confined only to the troposphere. The transfer of heat through horizontal movement of air is called advection. Horizontal movement of the air is relatively more important than the vertical movement. In middle latitudes, most of dirunal (day and night) variation in daily weather are caused by advection alone. In tropical regions particularly in northern India during summer season local winds called ‘loo’ is the outcome of advection process.
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Question 8 of 16
8. Question
The reflected amount of radiation is called the albedo of the earth. Which of the following has lowest albedo among the given options?
Correct
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
Incorrect
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
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Question 9 of 16
9. Question
The temperature of air at any place is influenced by
Correct
Solution: d)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The temperature of air at any place is influenced by (i) the latitude of the place; (ii) the altitude of the place; (iii) distance from the sea, the airmass circulation; (iv) the presence of warm and cold ocean currents; (v) local aspects.
Incorrect
Solution:d)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
The temperature of air at any place is influenced by (i) the latitude of the place; (ii) the altitude of the place; (iii) distance from the sea, the airmass circulation; (iv) the presence of warm and cold ocean currents; (v) local aspects.
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Question 10 of 16
10. Question
During summer, in which one of the following cities, are the days the longest?
Correct
Solution: c)
The higher the latitude the longer will be the length of the day during summer in Northern Hemisphere.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
Incorrect
Solution: c)
The higher the latitude the longer will be the length of the day during summer in Northern Hemisphere.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
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Question 11 of 16
11. Question
The atmosphere is mainly heated by the:
Correct
Solution: b)
14 units of direct solar (i.e. short wave) radiation and 34 units of terrestrial long wave radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
– left Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghara,Gandaki, Burhi Gandak, Koshi,Mahananda – right Yamuna, Tamsa, Son, Punpun,Betwa, Chambal, Tons, Ken, Sindh,Hindon, Sharda Incorrect
Solution: b)
14 units of direct solar (i.e. short wave) radiation and 34 units of terrestrial long wave radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 9
– left Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghara,Gandaki, Burhi Gandak, Koshi,Mahananda – right Yamuna, Tamsa, Son, Punpun,Betwa, Chambal, Tons, Ken, Sindh,Hindon, Sharda -
Question 12 of 16
12. Question
Consider the following statements:
- The Coriolis force affects the direction of the wind
- The Coriolis force is maximum at the equator and is absent at the poles
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: a)
The rotation of the earth about its axis affects the direction of the wind. This force is called the Coriolis force after the French physicist who described it in 1844. It deflects the wind to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. The deflection is more when the wind velocity is high. The Coriolis force is directly proportional to the angle of latitude. It is maximum at the poles and is absent at the equator.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
Incorrect
Solution: a)
The rotation of the earth about its axis affects the direction of the wind. This force is called the Coriolis force after the French physicist who described it in 1844. It deflects the wind to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. The deflection is more when the wind velocity is high. The Coriolis force is directly proportional to the angle of latitude. It is maximum at the poles and is absent at the equator.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
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Question 13 of 16
13. Question
Consider the following statements:
- The pattern of wind direction in anticyclone is anti-clockwise in the northern hemisphere
- Anticyclones have high pressure at the centre
- The pattern of wind direction in cyclones is clockwise in the southern hemisphere
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: b)
Please refer to Table 10.2 in the below chapter:
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
Incorrect
Solution: b)
Please refer to Table 10.2 in the below chapter:
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
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Question 14 of 16
14. Question
The conditions favourable for the formation and intensification of tropical storms are:
- Large sea surface with temperature higher than 27° C
- Presence of the Coriolis force
- Large variations in the vertical wind speed
- Upper convergence above the sea level system
Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
Correct
Solution: b)
The conditions favourable for the formation and intensification of tropical storms are: (i) Large sea surface with temperature higher than 27° C; (ii) Presence of the Coriolis force; (iii) Small variations in the vertical wind speed; (iv) A pre-existing weaklow-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation; (v) Upper divergence above the sea level system.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
Incorrect
Solution: b)
The conditions favourable for the formation and intensification of tropical storms are: (i) Large sea surface with temperature higher than 27° C; (ii) Presence of the Coriolis force; (iii) Small variations in the vertical wind speed; (iv) A pre-existing weaklow-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation; (v) Upper divergence above the sea level system.
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 10
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Question 15 of 16
15. Question
“These clouds look like cotton wool. They are generally formed at a height of 4,000 – 7,000 m. They exist in patches and can be seen scattered here and there. They have a flat base. “
The above description refers to which of the following cloud types?
Correct
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 11
Incorrect
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 11
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Question 16 of 16
16. Question
The percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere as compared to its full capacity at a given temperature is known as the
Correct
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 11
Incorrect
Solution: b)
NCERT, Class XI, Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter – 11
