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Comprehension Passage and Reasoning – Day -2

PASSAGE

Read the following passage and answer the following questions (Time 4 Mins)

The real trouble with the Brain Initiative is not philosophical but practical. In short, the instrumental approach to the treatment of physiological and psychological diseases tends to be at odds with the traditional ways in which human beings have addressed their problems: that is, by talking and working with one another to the end of greater personal self-realization and social harmony.

In “Biology as Ideology,” Richard Lewontin points to the profound difference between the fact that one cannot get tuberculosis without a tubercle bacillus and the claim that the tubercle bacillus is the “cause” of tuberculosis. Registering that tuberculosis was a disease common in sweatshops in the 19th century, Lewontin contends: “We might be justified in claiming that the cause of tuberculosis is unregulated industrial capitalism, and if we did away with that system of social organization, we would not need to worry about the tubercle bacillus.” Having narrowed their view of “cause” to the biological realm, neuroscientists today are effectively chasing tubercle bacilli, drawing our focus away from the social practices and institutions that contribute to problems of mental health.

We know, for instance, that low socioeconomic status at birth is associated with a greater risk of developing schizophrenia, but the lion’s share of research into schizophrenia today is carried out by neurobiologists and geneticists, who are intent on uncovering the organic “cause” of the disease rather than looking into psychosocial factors. Though this research may very well bear fruit, its dominance over other forms of research, in the face of the known connection between poverty and schizophrenia, attests to a curious assumption that has settled into a comfortable obviousness: that socioeconomic status, unlike human biology, is something we cannot change “scientifically.” That it is somehow more realistic, “scientifically,” to find a way to change the human being itself than it is to work together to change the kind of environment that lends itself to the emergence of a disorder like schizophrenia. (Source – NYT)

I. For a disorder like schizophrenia neurobiologists and geneticists are intent on uncovering the organic “cause” of the disease rather than looking into psychosocial factors. Because:

  1. The instrumental approach to the treatment of physiological and psychological diseases is cost effective
  2. Socioeconomic condition of patients is not something science can change to prevent a disease from emerging
  3. It is difficult to  change the environment surrounding patients that causes the disorder

Which of the above statements are correct?

a.  Only 2

b. 1 and 2

c. 2 and 3

d. Only 3

II. In the above passage, the author suggests that, (choose the one that is very close)

a. Scientists should be empathetic towards patients especially poor ones whose socioeconomic condition doesn’t allow them to get a proper cure

b. Some mental disorders are the result of environment surrounding the patients

c. Scientists are not considering the larger cause of many disorders such as socioeconomic conditions and instead their focus is on searching for an organic cure

d. Traditionally humans have addressed mental diseases by socializing and they don’t require medicines for cure

REASONING

1. Steffi, her brother, her daughter and her son play tennis regularly. A guest to her house observed the following while they play tennis.

i). Steffi’s brother was directly across the net from her daughter
ii). Her son is diagonally across the net from the worst player’s sibling
iii). The best and worst player are on the same side.
Questions:
1. Who is the worst player?
a. Steffi
b. Daughter
c. Son
d. Data inadequate
2. Who is the best player?
a. Brother
b. Daughter
c. Son
d. Steffi
3. Which of the following pair is on the either side?
a. Steffi & Brother
b. Brother & Son
c. Daughter & Steffi
d. Data inadequate
Comprehension
I. a
II. b
Reasoning

From the given information we can find that

P – 2nd Generation – Female –  wife of Q

Q – 2nd Generation – Male – Son of T, Husband of P

R – 3rd Generation – Female – Grand Daughter

S – 3rd Generation – Female – Grand Daughter

T – 1st Generation – Male  – Father of Q, Husband of U

U – 1st Generation – Female – Grandmother of R and S, Wife of T

V – Female – Daughter of P

Car 1 – U and S (Both Female)

Car 2 – Q , T (Both male) . There should be one  female in every car. Hence third member is either R or V

Car 3 – P, Daughter of P(either R or V)

Answers :

1. C – 5 Female members (U,P,R,S,V)

2. C – 2 married couples (PQ and UT)

3. C – Both in 3rd generation – Daughter of P

4. B – Because one female member should be there in a car

5. C – Now R travels in C2 with Q and T, Hence V travels with P in C3