QUESTIONS ASKED DAY- 22(10/08/2013)
1)“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement.
2)Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
RESPONSES:
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Answer is incoherent. There is no logical flow of thoughts. You have used 398 words (250 is the limit). Use a proper structure: introduction -> extent -> scope -> implications -> your conclusion. (without using headings)
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dhiraj sRate This Response!For this answer please read
http://www.healthissuesindia.com/noncommunicable-diseases/
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Nikku1 Vote
1)“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement.
The Indian Ocean region is critical for India on two basic fronts. One, the securing of sea lanes of communication that carry most of India’s energy needs and trade that feeds the burgeoning economy. And two, the strategic importance from security perspective given India’s vast coastline.
Off late, there has been a growing presence of China in the Indian Ocean region triggering apprehension in Indian strategic circles. The “strings of pearl” theory of China surrounding India via naval bases, China’s role in the infrastructure development of the small states has built up an atmosphere of suspicion. The recent cancellation of the GMR deal by Maldives and the subsequent visit of Maldives defence minister to China has accentuated the problem.
On the other hand, the US “pivot to Asia” policy to contain China and recognising India as a strategic partner in the region has flared up doubts in the minds of Chinese of a possible Chinese encirclement.
This has led to a race of naval modernisation between India and China that has acted like a vicious circle in conflict escalation.While some experts believe that the Indian stronghold in the region is loosening as China makes further inroads, India too has been active in securing it’s strategic position.
The growing military relationship with island nations, the frequent visit of Indian Navy and Coast guards to assist Seychelles, Maldives, Mauritius etc, The DOSTI excercise with Maldives and adding Sri Lanka in this earlier bilateral engagement are all signs of healthy activism.
India is also assuming a greater leadership role in the Indian Ocean institutions like IOR-ARC and the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium.The need of the hour is to realize that this is not a zero sum game. China’s increasing influence does not necessarily translate to India loosing it’s strategic advantage.
India’s geographic advantage in the region is unmatched and its deep ethnic and historical ties with smaller nation add to it’s strategic armour.
At the moment, we need to work towards establishing institutional engagement that can address India’s concerns with regards to China’s growing influence in the high seas, as well as assuage China’s fear of encirclement which only makes it more aggressive.-
1 Vote
You have exceeded word limit by 100 words. Otherwise answer is good. The conclusion should have been about India’s increasing/decreasing influence instead of China’s.
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NikkuRate This Response!
Thanks for the feedback. Would take care going forward.
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neeraj2 Votes
Briefly explain how fast breeder reactors differ from regular nuclear power plants? Comment briefly on their significance for India’s nuclear energy programme.
Fast breeder reactors(FBR) are second generation reactors in the Indian Nuclear Program. These reactors are plutonium based reactors generated by fission of uranium in the first phase of Indian Nuclear program instead of uranium used in regular nuclear power plants. FBR also differ from regular plant in use of coolant. They use liquid sodium for cooling instead of heavy water.
India’s nuclear energy program is a three phase program based on the vision on great nuclear scientist Homi J Bhaba. The three phases are Pressuriesed Heavy water reactor, Fast Breeder reactor and Advanced Heavy Water Reactor. As we have 2nd largest proved reserves of thorium in form of monzite found in sand of South India and very small amount of Uranium reserves, we need this three phase program to be self sufficient in energy requirements. In view of volatile international scenario and unreasonable demands put by NSG with backing of the western countries for procuring uranium, it would be prudent to develop indigenous program which will utilize our huge thorium deposits and help us to be self sufficient.
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good answer neeraj.
But it would be much better if give better elaboration on your first part. second part of answer is very good.
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Ananya BasuRate This Response!
2)Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
Non communicable diseases are the diseases which are not transferred through contact from one person to another. Due to the advancements in medical science communicable diseases are controlled but non-communicable diseases which are mainly life style related diseases are gaining strength.
The UN reports states that the NCDs are the leading causes of death worldwide. They can be classified into two types-
A)GENETIC DISEASES
B)ENVIRONMENTALDISEASES
The genetic diseases are hereditary i.e. they are passed generations after generations through genes.eg-muscular dystrophy, color blindeness, c ystic fibrosis, downs syndrome etc. genetic engineering experts are trying to prevent genes related diseases by gene mapping. They plan to identify the causative gene and then remove /modify it’s DNA with another .
The environmental NCDs are a serious cause of concern.it simply mirrors the ills of our so called development and modernisation. Man has found many ways to reduce his work.in his quest to simplify life, he has invited many troubles. Due to the day to day stress, he is subjected to insomnia, ulcers, acidity, hairfall, hypertension and even migraine. Sedentary life leads to obesity,diabetes, arterosclerosis. Lack of exercise ,faulty eating habits have given rise to CANCER which was unheard of in the past few decades.
Despite having a inverted demographic pyramid, we are facing a grave issue of caring for our children and looking after the elderly and disabled.Though we cannot completely eradicate NCDs,inculcating good habits of hygiene,health ,lifestyle ,daily exercise,consumption of fresh fruits on a daily basis will definitely make NCDs less lethal.-
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You have not answered the question. There is no mention of India in the whole answer. The question asks NCDs’ extent, scope and implications in India. Except last paragraph, where ‘we’ implies India, the rest of the answer is not related to Indian context.
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Anjali Motghare2 Votes
India has a strong footholds in Indian Ocean though recently there are issues of voting against Sri-Lanka in UN resolution and Maldive crisis, it doesn’t affect to that level of loosing strategic interests in the region.
China’s “string of pearl policy” and its growing influence in Sri-Lanks
and Maldives is a matter of concern but so far India has been successful in
its foreign policy in Indian Ocean due to its multipronged strategy of trade
and investment; concessional loans; diplomacy; multi lateral initiatives such
as India Africa forum and the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium; education training placements for foreign students through the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation; Tele education, Tele-medicine and Pan African E-Network programmes; training billets in Indian military academies for foreign military personnel; capacity building programmes in education; government and military affairs ; and defence cooperation.India has a high level bilateral relation with immediate neighborhood Myanmar, where it is buliding a port, with Bangladesh it has solved its boundary disputes. It is bulding homes in Sri-Lanka for IDP’S. It held bilateral and multilaterl naval exercises with Maldive and Sri-Lanka.
The Indian Navy and Coast Guard frequently assist Seychelles, Maldives and Mauritius in maintaining security by providing maritime surveillance,
hydrographic surveys, training, and maritime military equipment and repair,
in addition to engaging these countries in exercises.In the extended neighbourhood it shares economic ties with west Asian
nations. With African countries it relations mainly focused on development.
India provides security to trade vessels of many countries from Strait of
Hormuz to Malacca strait.India is a rising naval power but things should not be taken granted and focus shoud be on restoring estranged relations to keep its influence intact.
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good answer. u encompassed everything what is required to prove your stance.
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1 Vote
Q. “India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement.
Ans
India is one of the largest littoral states in Indian Ocean. Due to its sheer size, a booming economic capability, sound democratic credentials and a reliable defense deterrent capacity, it has long been seen as an elder brother in Indian Ocean region. However there have been incidents of skirmishes between India and its neighborhood countries due to India’s inept foreign policy, lack of political will, growing influence of china which have tried to sideline the role of India but proved futile and tenuous.The recent confrontations between India and Maldives over GMR row; India and Sri Lanka over 13th amendment which gives autonomy to Northern Province are some of the examples of trust deficit in these countries and increasing influence of china. The political scrambles over land and water sharing agreement with Bangladesh may make India an odd in the latter. These issues however, cannot take the toll on India’s image as a strategic partner.
The growing influence of china in the region also came as a positive signal for India to renew its ties with Japan, Vietnam and other south East Asian nations, who are looking towards India as a defense ally and a source of backing for their legitimate demand with regard to growing aggression of china. India has promoted its interest in the areas of trade, commerce, investment, maritime security through institutional mechanisms like IOR ARC. Further it has also setup a framework for better connection with African nations and is an important partner of Iran in the development of its port and is helping establishing a prosperous Afghanistan.
Therefore, though India faced some topsy-turvy path in its foreign relations, it has not outlived its utility as an important stakeholder and strategic country in the ocean region.-
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whosoever is giving five stars to my answers, i would request him/her to give valuable feedback. That would be helpful rather than stars.
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Anjali MotghareRate This Response!
Sahil,
Your answer structure is very good so u may getting five star, but the person is not observing facts in it.
Afghanistan is not Indian ocean country. Indian economy was booming now slowing down. Iran port finalization not over. Japan pacific nation.
clarify this
One good point 13th amendment but Tamilnadu furious not India as a whole. Explain.-
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Thank you Anjali for correcting me. I may have overlooked the afghanistan mention. India may be slowing down , but still on a high growth trajectory in relation of western countries. Further it has a huge market base. Though Iran port’s finalisation is not over, India is an important stakeholder and even Iran is substantiating that. On Japan i mentioned with the flow in regard to China.
Sri Lankan issue should be understood in completely different context. Actually the regional parties are looking for political gain in the upcoming elections. The recent controversy on Kathacheevu island is another issue on which DMK is betting. The coalition poitics has rendered ineffective india’s foreign policy on many fronts(in case of WB , Teesta water; in case of tamil nadu, 13th amendment and UNHRC resolution). -
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i will definately correct my factual knowledge by the way. thank you for pointing out.
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1 Vote
Q. Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
Ans
Non communicable Diseases cannot transmit from one person to another through any medium like air, water etc. Some examples of NCDs include cancer, asthma, diabetes, heart problems etc. According to WHO, there has been a shift in health burden of NCDs in India due to growing culture of consumerism and lack of adequate health facilities. This led to an increase in the number of people infected by the chronic yet deadly diseases.
The extent of NCDs lies in the changing behavioral pattern of the Indian society with economic prosperity and rise of income which led to marked shift in eating habits. The unhealthy diet pattern, tobacco and alcohol use, insufficient physical activities coupled with urbanization and increased pollution have enormously contributed for loaded numbers.
The NCDs have infested to every social group whether rich or poor. The stressed social life leading to hypertensions has increased the death, diseases, disability to the people. The limited scope due to insufficient hospitals data and political will to enforce rules regulating sale of harmful substances have added to the woes of the government. In addition to that, lack of better and affordable health care infrastructure and human expertise with lack of awareness about the diseases have made India a rising global disease hub.
The prevalence of NCDs results in a higher burden with low productive labor having high mortality and morbidity. It leads to high out of pocket expanses resulting in extreme poverty accelerating a vicious cycle. It has social costs in the form of lack of education facilities to children, lack of employment opportunities etc.
India needs a practical approach for establishment state of art facilities for early diagnosis and treatment coupled with proper legal measure for containing the sale of tobacco products and creating awareness about healthy dietary fibrous food.-
Anjali MotghareRate This Response!
Sahil again very good structure and language you use but extent u missed. I m critically commenting.
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i think extent and scope is one and same thing. No??
i mentioned the extent in second paragraph.I request you to give me some data on what i should mention , if possible. Thank you
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neerajRate This Response!
“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement.
Alfred Mahan’s statement ‘Whoever controls the Indian Ocean will dominate Asia, the destiny of the world will be decided on its waters.’ , describe the importance of Indian Ocean. India’s relation with countries in Indian Ocean has gotten sour.India’s vote against Sri Lanka in the UN combined with China’s support vote in the UN has aggravated the relations between the two countries. Also the politics at home is playing against the relationship between the two countries. The DMK and AIDMK parties are supporting the Tamils against the Sri Lankan Govt. AIDMK went as far as banning the Sri Lankan Players from playing in IPL in their state. This combined with China’s aggressive policy has brought the relations to a new low. Chinese companies are grabbing new contracts in Sri Lanka thereby reducing the Indian influence.
Also, relations with Maldives are also on a low ebb since the new govt. has come to power. The new govt. reneged on the deal with GMR for the development of new airport in the capital. Also the national police academy has been put on back burner. The rouge attitude of the new govt and the increasing Chinese influence is a huge concern for India.
Also, the problem with Mauritius being the tax heaven for companies like tata docomo has been a big dent. Though Mauritius govt. has shown some interest in regulating the misuse of the concessions provided to it, things still need to be sorted out.
With China gaining influence in the Indian ocean, and Maldives, Srilanka and Mauritus being strategic islands, care must be taken in formulating policies regarding the future with these countries.
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Anjali Motghare1 Vote
Neeraj new govt in Maldives reiterated its stand to have strong relations with India as before . GMR executive decision yet to come. Mauritius best relations we have. Tax issue because of double taxation agreement not because of that govt.
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Anjali is right. GMR issue is under consideration in Singapore court. Further it is not good to strain relations with a nation for a petty private company. There is consultation between the two governments(India and Mauritius) over a better tax avoidance regime in consonance with global practices outlined by FATF
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rahul aggarwal1 Vote
1)Despite some unfavourable recent developments in the indian ocean region(IOR),India still enjoys its deep strategic influence in the region.
India’s strategic influence in the IOR depends upon following factors:
a)its geographical location,
b)naval capabilities,
c)relations with countries of IORAs far its geographical location is concerned India would always continue to enjoy the benefit of its vast coastline in influencing the affairs of IOR.
The naval capabilities of indian navy is ever expanding due to its regular modernisation programme eg.-indigenous submarine Arihant,INS Vikramaditya, indigenous aircraft carrier Vikrant.And in cooperation with Indian COAST Guard it is capable to take up any challenge in indian ocean.
The only factor which is of concern in recent past is its relation with other countries of IOR and increased engagement of China with the countries of IOR.
China is aggresively engaged in developing various ports in the immediate neighbourhood of India which includes Gwadar, Hambantota, Sitwee, Chittagong, Marao .Also it has increased its engagement levels with Maldives,Srilanka,Mauritius and Sychelles by providing aids and assistance.
Even India’s intelligence agency RAW has shown concern in this regard.In addition to in recent past there has been some concerns over india’s relation with srilanka over tamil issue and some minor concerns with maldives like indian company losing airport contract
Despite all these facts india enjoys strong relations and influence with the countries of IOR, some examples to show it are:this year india concluded DOSTI exercise with maldives and even included srilanka this year, maldive’s former president nasheed took refuge in india’s embassy, srilanka regularly shares with india its situation with regards to tamils,indian navy and coast guard often assist seychelles,maldives and mauritius in maintaining security by providing maritime surveillence.
Thus we can conclude ,though india can’t take its central position for granted ,presently it enjoys strategic influence as far as affairs of IOR are concerned and it has to carry on the good work to maintain it.
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Nascent WriterRate This Response!
A good answer rahul. I understand the lacunae in my answer on reading urs.
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vipul1 Vote
Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India
Deaths in India due to Non communicable diseases are almost double of deaths due to communicable diseases.Four leading chronic NCDs in India are Cardiovascular,cancer,diabetes,Chronic,obstructive pulmonary disease.Major causes of NCDs are smoking,alcohol,lifestyle and unhealthy life which are preventable.
Indian people spend handsome amount of their earning on tests,treatment and medical devices for NCDs.As per reports,total expenditure by Indian people on NCDs is nearly four time the total government expenditure on health (3.6 % of GDP).NCDs affect mostly the people in age-group (35-64 years).It means many productive life are lost due to NCDs.
Displacement of communicable disease with NCDS is generally regarded as good but India case is far away from making such claim.Reality of the India is that large population is suffering from NCDs and they remain unaware of it till the last moment.Like in many developed countries ,India must increase their expenditure on health to prevent the chronic disease.Early detection,new medical treatment,prevention of NCDs are essential for health of India and India’s economic progress.
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Biman Ghosh1 Vote
“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement
Indian Ocean Region(IOR) is one of the most important regions across the Ocean.The importance of IOR can be understood by the fact that once a wise British thinker had said that the “Asia will be ruled by, who rules over IOR”
Amid recent turmoil in Pacific region,IOR also has not been “Insulated” anymore.China has taken a number of steps to get Pivot role in region. India on the other hand, has lose its influence steadily In southern part of IOR .Though,India still have very good command over North-eastern part of IOR,yet In recent years,India has got numerous setbacks in its strategic advances in the southern region.The most important one is China’s “String of Pearls” policy,which apparently shook the complete Indian Influence over IOR. China’s most touted policy has not only created the possible threats to Indian maritime security but also reduced the Indian influence from the IOR substantially.It provided an alternative to Indian neighbors in order to make Indian influences inferior as happened in the case of Lanka’s Hambantota Port,where the minor deleyance in Indian responses took heavy toll in it’s diplomacy.
In a recent Business tycoon’s summit in China some south Asian countries,like Maldives,Srilanka,Bangladesh.etc. strongly advocated to increase the bilateral ties with China,instead of India.
To some extent.Indian diplomacy in itself is responsible for loosing influences over southern IOR.In fact.India has failed to make a cohesive relationship of trust among it’s neighbours.unlike the north-eastern part of region where India has developed a significant relationship with ASEANs.
The frequent assertive call from Vietnam for India further strengthen it.so,while India has strengthen its command over northern part of IOR it lose significant Indian influence over southern IOR and its neighbourhood countries.To have a holistic command over entire IOR india should be cautious while handling its southern neighbours..India’s geographical location lies in the very heart of this important region and if the strategical advances,that India have by its location could be applied properly,India can easily influence almost every activities that take place in IOR.-
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Biman,
You have made sweeping statements at many places (“India still have very good command over North-eastern part of IOR”, “China’s “String of Pearls” policy,which apparently shook the complete Indian Influence over IOR”, “India can easily influence almost every activities that take place in IOR” ) Also, Vietnam was needed here. You have repeated – “while India has strengthen its command over northern part of IOR it lose significant Indian influence over southern IOR and its neighbourhood countries.To have a holistic command over entire IOR”
Words you have used is 332. Answer quality has to improve. Keep writing.
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Nascent WriterRate This Response!
Nascent Writer
1)“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement.
India, being a littoral state with projected land mass into the Indian ocean and with her distant islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar islands, has an immense economic, strategic and geopolitical advantage in the Indian ocean region.
Owing to this advantage, India has developed a strong navy with 150+ warships and naval bases in her littoral region and Andaman and Nicobar islands. Recently she has also announced building of a naval port in her western island group of Lakshadweep.
Although India had been and is being a dominant player in Indian ocean region, recent developments in this region has brought in many more international players due to the growing importance of Indian ocean.
China, a growing economic power, claiming to satiate its energy security has deployed a number of naval vessels to protect its commercial interest (fighting anti piracy) in the Indian ocean region. This deployment along with building of ports at Gwadhar in Pakistan, Humbantotta in Srilanka and Chittagong in Bangladesh is seen as Chinese encircling of India and is dubbed as the “String of Pearl Policy”.
Also China’s recent securing of deep ocean exploring license in south western Indian ocean region for poly metallic sulpide nodules is viewed as China’s keen interest to dominate Indian ocean region.
Barrack Obama’s “Pivot to the east” policy, announced recently, to counter the rising Chinese influence, has also increased the insecurities in Indian ocean region as America has increased its naval presence in its Diego Garcia islands.
These recent developments seem to jeopardize India’s influence in the Indian ocean region. However, merely considering the geographical location, India has a lot of room to increase its presence and dominate the situation in this region. So it would be incorrect to say that India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region. Only India has step up its activities.-
1 Vote
Your answer considers contribution of external forces in weakening India’s influence in the region. Recent developments have indicated that India is itself blundering in the region. You would have considered this also in your answer.And word limit is crossed. (+/- 20 words is ok). Overall good answer.
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Nascent WriterRate This Response!
Insights Sir
Please help me evaluating my answer. -
MohitRate This Response!
Foreign investment in India was allowed for the first time in independent India in 1991, as a part of economic reforms. It comes through two routes: Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment(FPI). In 2011-12, FDI in India was U.S. $33 billion while FPI was US$ 18 billion. In comparison to these meagre amounts of foreign investment, India’s GDP(nominal) for 2011-12 was approx. US$ 1.5 trillion.
The economic growth in India broadly depends on the growth of 3 sectors: Agricultural sector, Industrial sector and Services sector. In agriculture, there has been no foreign investment since independence and whatever growth has been witnessed is due to the investment by government or Indian farmers.
However, in the industrial and service sector, the situation has been different. The economic reforms of 1991 led to the flow of foreign investment in both the sectors. In the industrial sector, there has been foreign direct investment mainly in oil-and-gas industry (BP-Reliance deal) and manufacturing sector. But the contribution of FDI in the growth of this sector has been negligible. The growth has been mainly driven by domestic capital of public and private sector. In the services sector, there has been relatively more FDI than that in industrial sector. Over the years, telecom, insurance, banking, hotel, and single-brand retail sectors have witnessed considerable FDI but the contribution of FDI in growth of service sector was also negligible.
The foreign portfolio investment goes in the equity and debt markets. Thus it doesn’t contribute directly to economic growth.
Thus from the time of economic reforms in 1991 till today, foreign investment has not been a critical factor in driving economic growth in India. However, in the years to come, as the government moves to liberalize the economy more to FDI, it might play a critical role. For more FDI to actually come in the first place, it would be important to remove the bureaucratic bottlenecks that investors face today. -
OptimistRate This Response!
Q. Critically comment on the extent, scope and implication of non communicable diseases.
Ans:- Diseases which do not spread from person to person by some form of communication i.e. touch, air, water etc. are called non communicable diseases (NCDs) e.g. Diabetes, Cancer, Heart diseases, migraine and other mental diseases.
India has now become a hub of all NCDs having maximum number of patients.
These diseases are the product of life style change. Urban life restrict physical labour and also expose humans to pollution. Changing food habits involving more intake of fat & carbohydrate is making the situation worse. Fast food culture is a serious threat. Use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is also a probable factor of cancer.
The spread of such diseases is more in urban areas while manual working rural people are still on the lower side off it. But heavy use of pesticide etc. in agricultural has affected rural and urban areas of Punjab equally and make it the cancer capital of India.
Previously these diseases were related to mature and old age group but now youth and children are also affecting. Heavy pressure to perform in different fields and less outdoor activities have resulted into this situation.
The symptom of these diseases were mostly ignored until it becomes too late to cure the disease.
NCDs are affecting India’s growth story. On one hand, they are decreasing productivity of our workforce while the expenditure on the treatment is also wiping the saving of affected people. Govt. has also need to allot more funds to meet the challenges.
But the actual solution lies within. Awareness campaign to make people realize the importance of healthy life style, avoiding fast food, opting for organic food and more health facilities to diagnose early and treatment will be few important steps in this direction. Government of India has already launched a special programme to fight NCDs. -
shantiRate This Response!
Non- communicable diseases are non infectious or non transmissible i.e., they cannot be transferred from a human being to another human being. Some of the examples are diabetes, obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, cardio-vascular diseases, cancer etc. They are called ‘life style’ diseases in common parlance because they are known to be caused by changes in life style. Some examples include exposure to radiation, unbalanced diet, pressure due to deadlines etc.
The recent “lancet report” on diseases indicates that the infectious diseases in India and elsewhere are on the decline owing to developed health care facilities while the non communicable diseases are on the rise. It is a myth that these NCDs are common only among only the rich in India. The studies indicate that the poor are more vulnerable to NCDs but the only difference is that they do not take notice to most of the NCDs.
India is only second after China in diabetes. The recent studies show that about 60 million people live with diabetes. Cardiovascular and cancer contribute to more than 60 percent of deaths due to NCDs. It is projected that the deaths due to NCDs are to be doubled by 2020. It is important to avoid these premature deaths.
Health ministry has undertaken a program in 2010 to screen the entire population above 30 years for NCDs. Such programs are to be effectively and inclusively implemented by integrating them with programs like National Rural Health Mission along with the awareness programs particularly among the marginalized and under privileged sections.-
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Implications? Otherwise answer is good and is structured well.
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shantiRate This Response!
Yes sir, should have included them. I realised it after reading others answers. Thanks for the review. I am feeling so lucky for having found this site.
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Nascent WriterRate This Response!
2)Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, mental disorders, stroke, respiratory diseases, etc., which don’t spread for one to another have been showing an increasing trend in taking human toll in India.
According to a WHO report, NCDs accounted for 53% of all deaths in India in 2008. Cardiovascular diseases topped the list accounting for 24% of all deaths.
Most of NCDs also called Life style diseases was thought to be prevalent among the rich. But its now proved to be a myth by a recent report which showed poor people are more affected by NCDs. NCDs, unlike Communicable diseases can be easily prevented if precautionary measures are taken sufficiently. Government of India, in these lines has taken several steps to curb the NCDs.
Many state governments have banned tobacco products in their states which are major causes of cancers and respiratory diseases. In a recent verdict, Supreme Court has also banned advertising of tobacco products. Free medical checkup for citizens over 30 years of age to identify, disorders like high blood pressure, high blood glucose level, etc is carried out regularly by the state run hospitals. Awareness drives about necessity of exercise, avoidance of alcohol and healthy food consumption are taken periodically.
NCDs bring heavy implications on country’s economic growth by increasing the health subsidy bill, creating problems with procuring and distributing the required medicines (Most medicines are patented and have high costs). Also NCDs increase the out of pocket spending of the individuals pushing many towards poverty. NCDs reduce the individual and national productivity
Giving due precautionary care to NCDs would not only help individuals but also the country as a whole.-
1 Vote
Very good answer. Within the given word limit you have answered it well. National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases & Stroke which was started on pilot basis in 100 districts in October, 2010, and which is extended to the entire country during the 12th Plan should have been mentioned in a line.
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cppcontrolRate This Response!
“India is losing its strategic influence in the Indian ocean region”. In the light of the recent developments in the region, critically analyze the statement
India has been a dominant force in the Indian Ocean Region. The recent developments in these region has led many to think about India losing its strategic influence. These has cast a doubt about India’s maritime cooperation with the littoral countries of the IOR.
India voted in favour of the UN sponsored human rights resolution against Sri Lanka recently. India could not oppose the resolution due the actual human rights violation by Sri Lanka and also due to pressure from political parties like DMK, AIADMK,CPI. Moreover, India did not go for amendments in the resolution regarding crime and genocide against the ethnic Tamils by Sri Lanka as desired by these parties. Thus, India avoided a full scale confrontation with Sri Lanka.
The recent cancellation of 500 million dollar contract by Maldives government to India’s GMR has led many to think about India’s shrinking influence in this country. However, the silver lining is that the with presidential election around and if Nasheed happens to win it, it would revitalize the relationship with India.
With China investing heavily in countries like Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka which wants to secure its energy routes, there is ample scope for both countries i.e India and China to work peacefully. India has also renewed its vision and has had detailed talks and bilateral cooperation with countries like Madagascar, Seychelles, Maldives, Mauritius. With India co-hosting the recently held meeting of IOR-ARC , there has been call for enhancing maritime security control as well as economic cooperation.
India, in fact is trying to assert its influence in the Indian ocean. With capable defense capabilities including the recently included INS arihant, India’s interest in these region is immense. This can be gauged by the fact that India’s navy has on many occasion confronted with the Somali pirates and saved many lives. India is trying to actively work with all the IOR countries as the geo strategic importance of the regions has increased over the years.
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Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
There has been a big shift in the health burden of India with a change from communicable to non communicable diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart diseases etc. With change in the life style of India’s relatively young population these diseases are set to rise in near future.
NCD’s was initially assumed to occur mainly in the urban places. However, these perception has changed and people from rural areas are also equally vulnerable to NCD’s. Also, relatively young people are also found to be affected along with people in their mid ages. Change in lifestyle, eating habits, unbalanced diets, use of tobacco along with very less physical work and exercises are the main reasons. National Programme on Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, CVD & Stroke has been formulated by government and it has been increasing its share on prevention, early detection and new medical treatments to reduce the health burden.
Implications of NCD’s include gradual health related issues of vital working population of the country including widespread deaths. There is an overall increase in the spending of the common masses for treatment of these diseases which indirectly leads to children not been sent to school and child labour due to decrease in the earning capabilities of the family. Many superstitious belief and rituals have been relevant till today for treatment of these diseases due to lack of healthcare access in remote places. High scale unawareness , inadequate information , expensive treatment are major constraints for the people.
India’s economic development should be coupled with increase in government’s spending in the education and the health sector. Both these are the primary forces that would dictate the future of the country. Emphasis should be given for better awareness to maintain good health and healthy eating habits among the young population of the country so that burden on these diseases come down in near future.
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2)Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India
Non communicable diseases are distinguished by their nature of being non infectious and non transmissive. They include a range of diseases from cancers, heart diseases, cataracts and rising diseases of obesity and diabetes. A host of factors like age, gender, food, exposure to pollution and physical activities are responsible for the occurrence of NCD.
NCD is widely prevalent in India in its many manifestations. Traditionally we only had the problem of mal and under nourishment of our children and citizens. As per reports of WHO and Health Ministry more than 48% of our children are undernourished and we have far left behind sub Saharan Africa in this respect.
With the recent changes in the income and living patterns a major chunk of our population is seeing problems of over eating and obesity. More than 22% of our population is reported to be obese with 40% being diabetic. Hence we now have a twin paradoxical battle of addressing malnourishment and obesity of our children and citizens. There has been more than 60% increase in the incidences of heart attacks and diabetes amongst our citizens.
Thus the challenge that was once concerned with feeding our teaming population has now grown to address the issue of regulating the consumption pattern of a section of our population. Hence our policy makers are saddled with the twin and diametrically opposite challenge of under and over consumption.
This is further attested by the influx of health and yoga centers, gyms, weight loss clinics and fitness centers. This unhealthy trend cannot be addressed only at the level of policy makers. Rather what is needed is to spread an awareness & importance of dietary requirements so that a health conscious generation evolves. This would also go a long way in addressing the problems of food scarcity.
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2)Critically comment on the extent, scope and implications of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in India.
Non communicable diseases like cancer , diabetes , cardio vascular diseases , stroke ,lung problems ,respiratory infections ,hyper tensions , stress , heart problems etc are a growing in India with changing life styles and food habits . Though the trend is similar in all developing countries but the south asia accounts for majority of deaths due to the combiled effect of both infectionery and non communicable diseases. The recent study says Over 52 lakh people died in India of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which accounted for 53% of all deaths. Among men, 38% of the deaths were under 60 years the most productive age, while among women it was 32%.Cardiovascular diseases tops the list.
Different to the popular belief NCD’s are not urban phenomena alone. A recent study published in Hindu says the rural population who might not have migrated to the urban centers but are effected by its culture are at the increasing risk of getting NCDS. These diseases are different from others as they demand a lifelong treatment and related life style changes which are normally ignored by the subsistent rural population due to the cash crunch and lack of awareness. With increasing out of pocket expenditures, these diseases effecting the productivity of the people and thereby the national growth. A report says every year the amount of loss due to NCDS is around 54trillin worldwide.
The geographical spread of NCDS is also a factor to reckon with. Out of all deaths in tamilnadu 10 % are due to diabetes in 2012. Up,Maharashtra ,assam , Karnataka,kerala are among the highest. Kerala, the most progressive of all the states in terms of socio economic indicators is at the top in the list of states with NCDS.
Understanding the importance of prevention, GOI has come out with a national programme to prevent cancer , diabetes , cardiovuscular diseases , stroke (NPCDCVS) to sensitize people and to urge the state governments to take care of the medicinal needs of the people. Tobacco use , alcohol consumption are the main causes of cancer and premature deaths before 60 are effecting the life span of the populations and the death of the food winners is increasing the vulnerability of the elderly. Whatever the GOI’s intervention could be ,NCDS can only be managed by a sensitive and cautious population and changing life styles ,reduced consumption of intoxicants with proper exercise and diet.